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A business school is a university-level institution that confers degrees in business administration or management. According to Kaplan business schools are "educational institutions that specialize in teaching courses and programs related to business and/or management". Such a school can also be known as school of management, school of business administration, or colloquially b-school or biz school. A business school teaches topics such as accounting, administration, strategy, economics, entrepreneurship, finance, human resource management, management science, management information systems, international business, logistics, marketing, organizational psychology, organizational behavior, public relations, research methods and real estate among others.

There are several forms of business schools, including a school of business, business administration, and management.

1. Most of the university business schools consist of faculties, colleges, or departments within the university, and predominantly teach business courses (e.g. Mannheim Business School).
2. In North America, a business school is often understood to be a university program that offers a graduate Master of Business Administration degrees and/or undergraduate bachelor's degrees (e.g. Harvard Business School).
3. In Europe and Asia, some universities teach predominantly business courses (e.g. Copenhagen Business School).
4. Privately owned business school which is not affiliated with any university (e.g. WHU-Otto Beisheim School of Management).

Kaplan classifies business schools along four Corners:

1. Culture (Europe - US): Independent of their actual (physical) location, business schools can be classified according to whether they follow the European or the US model.
2. Compass (international/global – regional/local): Business schools can be classified along a continuum, with international/ global schools on one end and regional/ local schools on the other.
3. Capital (public – private): Business schools can either be publicly (state) funded or privately funded, for example through endowments or tuition fees.
4. Content (teaching – research): Business school can be classified according to whether a school considers teaching or research to be its primary focus.

Some business schools structure their teaching around the use of case studies (i.e. the case method). Case studies have been used in Graduate and Undergraduate business education for nearly one hundred years. Business cases are historical descriptions of actual business situations. Typically, information is presented about a business firm's products, markets, competition, financial structure, sales volumes, management, employees and other factors influencing the firm's success. The length of a business case study may range from two or three pages to 30 pages, or more.

Students are expected to scrutinize the case study and prepare to discuss strategies and tactics that the firm should employ in the future. Three different methods have been used in business case teaching:

1. Preparing case-specific questions to be answered by the student. This is used with short cases intended for Undergraduate students. The underlying concept is that such students need specific guidance to be able to analyze case studies.
2. Problem-solving analysis is the second method initiated by the Harvard Business School which is by far the most widely used method in MBA and executive development programs. The underlying concept is that with enough practice (hundreds of case analyses) students develop intuitive skills for analyzing and resolving complex business situations. Successful implementation of this method depends heavily on the skills of the discussion leader.
3. A generally applicable strategic planning approach. This third method does not require students to analyze hundreds of cases. A strategic planning model is provided and students are instructed to apply the steps of the model to six – and up to a dozen cases – during a semester. This is sufficient to develop their ability to analyze a complex situation, generate a variety of possible strategies and to select the best ones. In effect, students learn a generally applicable approach to analyze cases studies and real situations. This approach does not make any extraordinary demands on the artistic and dramatic talents of the teacher. Consequently, most professors are capable of supervising the application of this method.

In contrast to the case method some schools use a skills-based approach in teaching business. This approach emphasizes quantitative methods, in particular operations research, management information systems, statistics, organizational behavior, modeling and simulation, and decision science. The leading institution in this method is the Tepper School of Business at Carnegie Mellon University. The goal is to provide students a set of tools that will prepare them to tackle and solve problems.

In addition to teaching students, many business schools run Executive Education programs. These may be either open programs or company-specific programs. Executives may also acquire an MBA title in an Executive MBA program within university of business or from top ranked business schools. Many business schools seek close co-operation with business.

New Mexico (Spanish: Nuevo México Spanish pronunciation: [ˈnweβo ˈmexiko] (listen), Navajo: Yootó Hahoodzo pronounced [jòːtxó xɑ̀xʷòːtsò]) is a state in the Southwestern region of the United States of America; its capital and cultural center is Santa Fe, which was founded in 1610 as capital of Nuevo México (itself established as a province of New Spain in 1598), while its largest city is Albuquerque with its accompanying metropolitan area. It is one of the Mountain States and shares the Four Corners region with Utah, Colorado, and Arizona; its other neighboring states are Oklahoma to the northeast, Texas to the east-southeast, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua to the south and Sonora to the southwest. With a population around two million, New Mexico is the 36th state by population. With a total area of 121,592 sq mi (314,920 km2), it is the fifth-largest and sixth-least densely populated of the 50 states. Due to their geographic locations, northern and eastern New Mexico exhibit a colder, alpine climate, while western and southern New Mexico exhibit a warmer, arid climate.

State of New Mexico Estado de Nuevo México  (Spanish)
Flag Seal
Nickname(s): Land of Enchantment
Motto(s): Crescit eundo (English: It grows as it goes)
State song(s): "O Fair New Mexico" and "Así Es Nuevo México"
Spoken languages	English 69.7% Spanish 28.5% Navajo 3.5% other 4.1%[1]
Demonym	New Mexican (Spanish: Neomexicano, Neomejicano)[2]
Capital	Santa Fe
Largest city	Albuquerque
Largest metro	Greater Albuquerque
Area	Ranked 5th
• Total	121,700 sq mi (315,199 km2)
• Width	344 miles (552 km)
• Length	371 miles (596 km)
• % water	0.3
• Latitude	31° 20′ N to 37° N
• Longitude	103° W to 109° 3′ W
Population	Ranked 36th
• Total	2,095,428 (2018)
• Density	17.2/sq mi  (6.62/km2) Ranked 45th
• Median household income	$46,744[3] (47th)
Elevation
• Highest point	Wheeler Peak[4][5][6] 13,168 ft (4013.4 m)
• Mean	5,701 ft  (1,741 m)
• Lowest point	Red Bluff Reservoir on Texas border[5][6] 2,845 ft (868 m)
Before statehood	Nuevo México (1598–1848) New Mexico Territory (1850–1912)
Admitted to the Union	January 6, 1912 (47th)
Governor	Michelle Lujan Grisham (D)
Lieutenant Governor	Howie Morales (D)
Legislature	New Mexico Legislature
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
U.S. Senators	Tom Udall (D) Martin Heinrich (D)
U.S. House delegation	1: Deb Haaland (D) 2: Xochitl Torres Small (D) 3: Ben Ray Luján (D) (list)
Time zones
• all of state (legally)	Mountain: UTC −7/−6
• Nara Visa (informally)	Central: UTC -6/-7
ISO 3166	US-NM
Abbreviations	NM, N.M., N.Mex.
Website	www.newmexico.gov

New Mexico state symbols
The Flag of New Mexico
The Seal of New Mexico
Living insignia
Bird	Greater roadrunner
Fish	Rio Grande cutthroat trout
Flower	Yucca
Grass	Blue grama
Mammal	American black bear
Reptile	New Mexico whiptail
Tree	Two-needle piñon
Inanimate insignia
Colors	Red and yellow
Food	Chile peppers, pinto beans, and biscochitos
Fossil	Coelophysis
Gemstone	Turquoise
State route marker
State quarter
Released in 2008
Lists of United States state symbols

The economy of New Mexico is dependent on oil drilling, mineral extraction, dryland farming, cattle ranching, lumber milling, and retail trade. As of 2016–2017, its total gross domestic product (GDP) was $95 billion with a GDP per capita of $45,465. New Mexico's status as a tax haven yields low to moderate personal income taxes on residents and military personnel, and gives tax credits and exemptions to favorable industries. Because of this, its film industry has grown and contributed $1.23 billion to its overall economy. Due to its large area and economic climate, New Mexico has a large U.S. military presence marked notably with the White Sands Missile Range. Various U.S. national security agencies base their research and testing arms in New Mexico such as the Sandia and Los Alamos National Laboratories. During the 1940s, Project Y of the Manhattan Project developed and built the country's first atomic bomb and nuclear test, Trinity.

Inhabited by Native Americans for many thousands of years before European exploration, it was colonized by the Spanish in 1598 as part of the Imperial Spanish viceroyalty of New Spain. In 1563, it was named Nuevo México after the Aztec Valley of Mexico by Spanish settlers, more than 250 years before the establishment and naming of the present-day country of Mexico; thus, the present-day state of New Mexico was not named after the country today known as Mexico.[7][8] After Mexican independence in 1824, New Mexico became a Mexican territory with considerable autonomy. This autonomy was threatened, however, by the centralizing tendencies of the Mexican government from the 1830s onward, with rising tensions eventually leading to the Revolt of 1837. At the same time, the region became more economically dependent on the United States. At the conclusion of the Mexican–American War in 1848, the United States annexed New Mexico as the U.S. New Mexico Territory. It was admitted to the Union as the 47th state on January 6, 1912.

Its history has given New Mexico the highest percentage of Hispanic and Latino Americans, and the second-highest percentage of Native Americans as a population proportion (after Alaska).[9] New Mexico is home to part of the Navajo Nation, 19 federally recognized Pueblo communities of Puebloan peoples, and three different federally recognized Apache tribes. In prehistoric times, the area was home to Ancestral Puebloans, Mogollon, and the modern extant Comanche and Utes[10] inhabited the state. The largest Hispanic and Latino groups represented include the Hispanos of New Mexico, Chicanos, and Mexican Americans. The flag of New Mexico features the state's Spanish origins with the same scarlet and gold coloration as Spain's Cross of Burgundy, along with the ancient sun symbol of the Zia, a Puebloan tribe.[11] These indigenous, Hispanic, Mexican, Latin, and American frontier roots are reflected in the eponymous New Mexican cuisine and the New Mexico music genre.

Oil and gas production, tourism, and federal government spending are important drivers of the state economy. State government has an elaborate system of tax credits and technical assistance to promote job growth and business investment, especially in new technologies.

In 2010, New Mexico's Gross Domestic Product was $80 billion, and an estimated $85 billion for 2013.[82] In 2007, the per capita personal income was $31,474 (rank 43rd in the nation).[83] In 2005, the percentage of persons below the poverty level was 18.4%.[84] The New Mexico Tourism Department estimates that in Fiscal Year 2006, the travel industry in New Mexico generated expenditures of $6.5 billion.[85] As of April 2012, the state's unemployment rate was 7.2%.[86] During the late-2000s recession, New Mexico's unemployment rate peaked at 8.0% for the period June–October 2010.[87]

Due to its relatively low population, in combination with numerous federally funded research facilities, New Mexico had the highest concentration of PhD holders of any state in 2000.[156] Despite this, the state routinely ranks near the bottom in surveys of the quality of primary and secondary school education.[157] In a landmark decision, a state judge ruled in 2018 that "New Mexico is violating the constitutional rights of at-risk students by failing to provide them with sufficient education,"[158] and ordered that the governor and Legislature provide an adequate system by April 2019.[158][159]

New Mexico has a higher concentration of persons who do not finish high school or have some college without a degree than the nation as a whole. For the state, 23.9% of people over 25 years of age have gone to college but not earned a degree.[51] This is compared with 21.0% of the nation as a whole according to United States Census Bureau 2014 American Community Survey estimates.[160] Los Alamos County has the highest number percent of post secondary degree holders of any county in New Mexico with 38.7% of the population (4,899 persons) estimated by the 2010-2014 American Community Survey.[161]

New Mexico is one of eight states that funds college scholarships through the state lottery.[162][158][163] The state of New Mexico requires that the lottery put 30% of its gross sales into the scholarship fund.[164] The scholarship is available to residents who graduated from a state high school, and attend a state university full-time while maintaining a 2.5 GPA or higher.[165] It covered 100% of tuition when it was first instated in 1996,[166] decreased to 90%, then dropped to 60% in 2017.[158] The value slightly increased in 2018, and new legislation was passed to outline what funds are available per type of institution.[166]

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Colleges and universities around the world offer bachelor's degrees, graduate degrees, diplomas and certificates in management, generally within their colleges of business, business schools or faculty of management but also in other related departments. In the 2010s, there has been an increase in online management education and training in the form of electronic educational technology ( also called e-learning). Online education has increased the accessibility of management training to people who do not live near a college or university, or who cannot afford to travel to a city where such training is available.

While some professions require academic credentials in order to work in the profession (e.g., law, medicine, engineering, which require, respectively the Bachelor of Law, Doctor of Medicine and Bachelor of Engineering degrees), management and administration positions do not necessarily require the completion of academic degrees. Some well-known senior executives in the US who did not complete a degree include Steve Jobs, Bill Gates and Mark Zuckerberg. However, many managers and executives have completed some type of business or management training, such as a Bachelor of Commerce or a Master of Business Administration degree. Some major organizations, including companies, not-for-profit organizations and governments, require applicants to managerial or executive positions to hold at minimum Bachelor's degree in a field related to administration or management, or in the case of business jobs, a Bachelor of Commerce or a similar degree.

Undergraduate

At the undergraduate level, the most common business program is the Bachelor of Commerce (B.Com.). However to manage technological areas, you need an undergraduate degree in a STEM area as preferred to Defense Acquisition University guidelines. This is typically a four-year program that includes courses that give students an overview of the role of managers in planning and directing within an organization. Course topics include accounting, financial management, statistics, marketing, strategy, and other related areas. There are many other undergraduate degrees that include the study of management, such as Bachelor of Arts degrees with a major in business administration or management and Bachelor of Public Administration (B.P.A), a degree designed for individuals aiming to work as bureaucrats in the government jobs. Many colleges and universities also offer certificates and diplomas in business administration or management, which typically require one to two years of full-time study.

Graduate

At the graduate level students aiming at careers as managers or executives may choose to specialize in major subareas of management or business administration such as entrepreneurship, human resources, international business, organizational behavior, organizational theory, strategic management, accounting, corporate finance, entertainment, global management, healthcare management, investment management, sustainability and real estate. A Master of Business Administration (MBA) is the most popular professional degree at the master's level and can be obtained from many universities in the United States. MBA programs provide further education in management and leadership for graduate students. Other master's degrees in business and management include Master of Management (MM) and the Master of Science (M.Sc.) in business administration or management, which is typically taken by students aiming to become researchers or professors. There are also specialized master's degrees in administration for individuals aiming at careers outside of business, such as the Master of Public Administration (MPA) degree (also offered as a Master of Arts in Public Administration in some universities), for students aiming to become managers or executives in the public service and the Master of Health Administration, for students aiming to become managers or executives in the health care and hospital sector.

Management doctorates are the most advanced terminal degrees in the field of business and management. Most individuals obtaining management doctorates take the programs to obtain the training in research methods, statistical analysis and writing academic papers that they will need to seek careers as researchers, senior consultants and/or professors in business administration or management. There are three main types of management doctorates: the Doctor of Management (D.M.), the Doctor of Business Administration (D.B.A.), and the Ph.D. in Business Administration or Management. In the 2010s, doctorates in business administration and management are available with many specializations.

        Industry Description

Code	Concentration	More Info
BA/MA	Business Management
School: University of Phoenix Program: The Bachelor of Science in Business/Management is designed for the working adult who wants to acquire or build knowledge and skills essential for management in private and public organizations. The management major emphasizes performance systems, employment law, marketing and public relations, financial analysis, global business strategies, and quality management. :: Concentration: Management :: Campus    ::  Location: Albuquerque, NM ::  more info

Code	Concentration	More Info
MA/OM	Master of Arts- Organizational Management
School: University of Phoenix Program: The Masters of Arts in Organizational management is designed to develop or enhance the management skills necessary to function effectively within private businesses, non-profit organizations, and public agencies. The curriculum addresses executive management, budgeting, Human resources management, organizational development, conflict management, strategic planning, information management, and decision marketing, among other subjects. :: Concentration: Management :: Campus    ::  Location: Albuquerque, NM ::  more info

Code	Concentration	More Info
BA/MA	Business Management
School: University of Phoenix Program: The Bachelor of Science in Business/Management is designed for the working adult who wants to acquire or build knowledge and skills essential for management in private and public organizations. The management major emphasizes performance systems, employment law, marketing and public relations, financial analysis, global business strategies, and quality management. :: Concentration: Management :: Campus    ::  Location: Las Cruces, NM ::  more info

Code	Concentration	More Info
MA/OM	Master of Arts- Organizational Management
School: University of Phoenix Program: The Masters of Arts in Organizational management is designed to develop or enhance the management skills necessary to function effectively within private businesses, non-profit organizations, and public agencies. The curriculum addresses executive management, budgeting, Human resources management, organizational development, conflict management, strategic planning, information management, and decision marketing, among other subjects. :: Concentration: Management :: Campus    ::  Location: Las Cruces, NM ::  more info

Code	Concentration	More Info
BA/MA	Business Management
School: University of Phoenix Program: The Bachelor of Science in Business/Management is designed for the working adult who wants to acquire or build knowledge and skills essential for management in private and public organizations. The management major emphasizes performance systems, employment law, marketing and public relations, financial analysis, global business strategies, and quality management. :: Concentration: Management :: Campus    ::  Location: Santa Fe, NM ::  more info

Code	Concentration	More Info
BA/MA	Management
School: University of Phoenix Program: University of Phoenix Bachelor of Science in management (BSM) program is designed to develop professional knowledge and skills of general managers in their organization or professional industry for improving organizational effectiveness. The program concentrates on the development of general management roles to align resources, and to improve communication, productivity, and effectiveness. managers become prepared to apply professional skills and knowledge to focus on the future, manage innovation, and make decisions based on facts in a customer focused atmosphere. :: Concentration: Management :: Campus    ::  Location: Santa Fe, NM ::  more info

Code	Concentration	More Info
MA/OM	Master of Arts- Organizational Management
School: University of Phoenix Program: The Masters of Arts in Organizational management is designed to develop or enhance the management skills necessary to function effectively within private businesses, non-profit organizations, and public agencies. The curriculum addresses executive management, budgeting, Human resources management, organizational development, conflict management, strategic planning, information management, and decision marketing, among other subjects. :: Concentration: Management :: Campus    ::  Location: Santa Fe, NM ::  more info

Industry Description

business management

New Mexico Listing

The Business Administration - Management Specialization Program is an 18-month Associate degree that offers students a strong liberal arts curriculum combined with a comprehensive management curriculum. This blend prepares students to excel in today's demanding business environment.

Students will study various areas of management including sales, human resources, marketing, and international business. These will be accompanied by a broad base of fundamental business courses. The general education requirements will foster critical thinking, communication skills, and a sound value system. The classroom experience will be enhanced by an internship in the final quarter.

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