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A business school is a university-level institution that confers degrees in business administration or management. According to Kaplan business schools are "educational institutions that specialize in teaching courses and programs related to business and/or management". Such a school can also be known as school of management, school of business administration, or colloquially b-school or biz school. A business school teaches topics such as accounting, administration, strategy, economics, entrepreneurship, finance, human resource management, management science, management information systems, international business, logistics, marketing, organizational psychology, organizational behavior, public relations, research methods and real estate among others.

There are several forms of business schools, including a school of business, business administration, and management.

1. Most of the university business schools consist of faculties, colleges, or departments within the university, and predominantly teach business courses (e.g. Mannheim Business School).
2. In North America, a business school is often understood to be a university program that offers a graduate Master of Business Administration degrees and/or undergraduate bachelor's degrees (e.g. Harvard Business School).
3. In Europe and Asia, some universities teach predominantly business courses (e.g. Copenhagen Business School).
4. Privately owned business school which is not affiliated with any university (e.g. WHU-Otto Beisheim School of Management).

Kaplan classifies business schools along four Corners:

1. Culture (Europe - US): Independent of their actual (physical) location, business schools can be classified according to whether they follow the European or the US model.
2. Compass (international/global – regional/local): Business schools can be classified along a continuum, with international/ global schools on one end and regional/ local schools on the other.
3. Capital (public – private): Business schools can either be publicly (state) funded or privately funded, for example through endowments or tuition fees.
4. Content (teaching – research): Business school can be classified according to whether a school considers teaching or research to be its primary focus.

Some business schools structure their teaching around the use of case studies (i.e. the case method). Case studies have been used in Graduate and Undergraduate business education for nearly one hundred years. Business cases are historical descriptions of actual business situations. Typically, information is presented about a business firm's products, markets, competition, financial structure, sales volumes, management, employees and other factors influencing the firm's success. The length of a business case study may range from two or three pages to 30 pages, or more.

Students are expected to scrutinize the case study and prepare to discuss strategies and tactics that the firm should employ in the future. Three different methods have been used in business case teaching:

1. Preparing case-specific questions to be answered by the student. This is used with short cases intended for Undergraduate students. The underlying concept is that such students need specific guidance to be able to analyze case studies.
2. Problem-solving analysis is the second method initiated by the Harvard Business School which is by far the most widely used method in MBA and executive development programs. The underlying concept is that with enough practice (hundreds of case analyses) students develop intuitive skills for analyzing and resolving complex business situations. Successful implementation of this method depends heavily on the skills of the discussion leader.
3. A generally applicable strategic planning approach. This third method does not require students to analyze hundreds of cases. A strategic planning model is provided and students are instructed to apply the steps of the model to six – and up to a dozen cases – during a semester. This is sufficient to develop their ability to analyze a complex situation, generate a variety of possible strategies and to select the best ones. In effect, students learn a generally applicable approach to analyze cases studies and real situations. This approach does not make any extraordinary demands on the artistic and dramatic talents of the teacher. Consequently, most professors are capable of supervising the application of this method.

In contrast to the case method some schools use a skills-based approach in teaching business. This approach emphasizes quantitative methods, in particular operations research, management information systems, statistics, organizational behavior, modeling and simulation, and decision science. The leading institution in this method is the Tepper School of Business at Carnegie Mellon University. The goal is to provide students a set of tools that will prepare them to tackle and solve problems.

In addition to teaching students, many business schools run Executive Education programs. These may be either open programs or company-specific programs. Executives may also acquire an MBA title in an Executive MBA program within university of business or from top ranked business schools. Many business schools seek close co-operation with business.

Tennessee (/ˌtɛnəˈsiː/ (listen),[5][6] locally /ˈtɛnəsi/;[7] Cherokee: ᏔᎾᏏ, translit. Tanasi) is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. Tennessee is the 36th largest and the 16th most populous of the 50 United States. Tennessee is bordered by Kentucky to the north, Virginia to the northeast, North Carolina to the east, Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi to the south, Arkansas to the west, and Missouri to the northwest. The Appalachian Mountains dominate the eastern part of the state, and the Mississippi River forms the state's western border. Nashville is the state's capital and largest city, with a 2017 population of 667,560 and a 2017 metro population of 1,903,045. Tennessee's second largest city is Memphis, which had a population of 652,236 in 2017.[8]

State of Tennessee
Flag Seal
Nickname(s): The Volunteer State
Motto(s): Agriculture and Commerce
State song(s): "Nine songs"
Official language	English
Demonym	Tennessean
Capital (and largest city)	Nashville[1]
Largest metro	Greater Nashville
Area	Ranked 36th
• Total	42,143 sq mi (109,247 km2)
• Width	120 miles (195 km)
• Length	440 miles (710 km)
• % water	2.2
• Latitude	34° 59′ N to 36° 41′ N
• Longitude	81° 39′ W to 90° 19′ W
Population	Ranked 16th
• Total	6,770,010 (2018)
• Density	159.4/sq mi  (61.5/km2) Ranked 20th
• Median household income	$51,340[2] (42nd)
Elevation
• Highest point	Clingmans Dome[3][4] 6,643 ft (2025 m)
• Mean	900 ft  (270 m)
• Lowest point	Mississippi River at Mississippi border[3][4] 178 ft (54 m)
Before statehood	Southwest Territory
Admitted to the Union	June 1, 1796 (16th)
Governor	Bill Lee (R)
Lieutenant Governor	Randy McNally (R)
Legislature	General Assembly
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
U.S. Senators	Lamar Alexander (R) Marsha Blackburn (R)
U.S. House delegation	7 Republicans 2 Democrats (list)
Time zones
• East Tennessee	Eastern: UTC -5/-4
• Middle and West	Central: UTC -6/-5
ISO 3166	US-TN
Abbreviations	TN, Tenn.
Website	www.tennessee.gov

Tennessee state symbols
The Flag of Tennessee
The Seal of Tennessee
Living insignia
Amphibian	Tennessee cave salamander
Bird	Mockingbird Bobwhite quail
Butterfly	Zebra swallowtail
Fish	Channel catfish Smallmouth bass
Flower	Iris Passion flower Tennessee echinacea
Insect	Firefly Lady beetle Honey bee
Mammal	Tennessee Walking Horse Raccoon
Reptile	Eastern box turtle
Tree	Tulip poplar Eastern red cedar
Inanimate insignia
Beverage	Milk
Dance	Square dance
Firearm	Barrett M82
Food	Tomato
Fossil	Pterotrigonia (Scabrotrigonia) thoracica
Gemstone	Tennessee River pearl
Mineral	Agate
Poem	"Oh Tennessee, My Tennessee" by William Lawrence
Rock	Limestone
Slogan	Tennessee – America at its Best
Tartan	Tennessee State Tartan
State route marker
State quarter
Released in 2002
Lists of United States state symbols

The state of Tennessee is rooted in the Watauga Association, a 1772 frontier pact generally regarded as the first constitutional government west of the Appalachians.[9] What is now Tennessee was initially part of North Carolina, and later part of the Southwest Territory. Tennessee was admitted to the Union as the 16th state on June 1, 1796. Tennessee was the last state to leave the Union and join the Confederacy at the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861. Occupied by Union forces from 1862, it was the first state to be readmitted to the Union at the end of the war.[10]

Tennessee furnished more soldiers for the Confederate Army than any other state besides Virginia, and more soldiers for the Union Army than the rest of the Confederacy combined.[10] Beginning during Reconstruction, it had competitive party politics, but a Democratic takeover in the late 1880s resulted in passage of disenfranchisement laws that excluded most blacks and many poor whites from voting. This sharply reduced competition in politics in the state until after passage of civil rights legislation in the mid-20th century.[11] In the 20th century, Tennessee transitioned from an agrarian economy to a more diversified economy, aided by massive federal investment in the Tennessee Valley Authority and, in the early 1940s, the city of Oak Ridge. This city was established to house the Manhattan Project's uranium enrichment facilities, helping to build the world's first atomic bombs, two of which were dropped on Imperial Japan near the end of World War II.

Tennessee's major industries include agriculture, manufacturing, and tourism. Poultry, soybeans, and cattle are the state's primary agricultural products,[12] and major manufacturing exports include chemicals, transportation equipment, and electrical equipment.[13] The Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the nation's most visited national park, is headquartered in the eastern part of the state, and a section of the Appalachian Trail roughly follows the Tennessee-North Carolina border.[14] Other major tourist attractions include the Tennessee Aquarium in Chattanooga; Dollywood in Pigeon Forge; Ripley's Aquarium of the Smokies and Ober Gatlinburg in Gatlinburg; the Parthenon, the Country Music Hall of Fame and Museum, and Ryman Auditorium in Nashville; the Jack Daniel's Distillery in Lynchburg; Elvis Presley's Graceland residence and tomb, the Memphis Zoo, the National Civil Rights Museum in Memphis; and Bristol Motor Speedway in Bristol.

According to the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, in 2011 Tennessee's real gross state product was $233.997 billion. In 2003, the per capita personal income was $28,641, 36th in the nation, and 91% of the national per capita personal income of $31,472. In 2004, the median household income was $38,550, 41st in the nation, and 87% of the national median of $44,472.

For 2012, the state held an asset surplus of $533 million, one of only eight states in the nation to report a surplus.[67]

Major outputs for the state include textiles, cotton, cattle, and electrical power. Tennessee has over 82,000 farms, roughly 59 percent of which accommodate beef cattle.[68] Although cotton was an early crop in Tennessee, large-scale cultivation of the fiber did not begin until the 1820s with the opening of the land between the Tennessee and Mississippi Rivers. The upper wedge of the Mississippi Delta extends into southwestern Tennessee, and it was in this fertile section that cotton took hold. Soybeans are also heavily planted in West Tennessee, focusing on the northwest corner of the state.[69]

Large corporations with headquarters in Tennessee include FedEx, AutoZone and International Paper, all based in Memphis; Pilot Corporation and Regal Entertainment Group, based in Knoxville; Eastman Chemical Company, based in Kingsport; the North American headquarters of Nissan Motor Company, based in Franklin; Hospital Corporation of America and Caterpillar Financial, based in Nashville; and Unum, based in Chattanooga. Tennessee is also the location of the Volkswagen assembly plant in Chattanooga, a $2 billion polysilicon production facility by Wacker Chemie in Bradley County, and a $1.2 billion polysilicon production facility by Hemlock Semiconductor in Clarksville.

Tennessee is a right to work state, as are most of its Southern neighbors. Unionization has historically been low and continues to decline as in most of the U.S. generally. As of May 2016, the state had an unemployment rate of 4.3%.[70] As of 2015, 16.7% of the population of Tennessee lives below the poverty line, which is higher than the national average of 14.7%.[71]

Tennessee has a rich variety of public, private, charter, and specialized education facilities ranging from pre-school through university education.

Colleges and universitiesEdit

Public higher education is under the oversight of the Tennessee Higher Education Commission which provides guidance to two public university systems – the University of Tennessee system and the Tennessee Board of Regents. In addition a number of private colleges and universities are located throughout the state.

• American Baptist College
• Aquinas College
• The Art Institute of Tennessee – Nashville
• Austin Peay State University
• Baptist College of Health Sciences
• Belmont University
• Bethel College
• Bryan College
• Carson–Newman University
• Chattanooga State Community College
• Christian Brothers University
• Cleveland State Community College
• Columbia State Community College
• Crown College
• Cumberland University
• Dyersburg State Community College
• East Tennessee State University
• Emmanuel Christian Seminary
• Fisk University
• Freed–Hardeman University
• Jackson State Community College
• Johnson University
• King University
• Knoxville College
• Lane College
• Lee University
• LeMoyne–Owen College
• Lincoln Memorial University
• Lipscomb University
• Martin Methodist College
• Maryville College
• Meharry Medical College
• Memphis College of Art
• Memphis Theological Seminary
• Mid-America Baptist Theological Seminary
• Middle Tennessee State University
• Milligan College
• Motlow State Community College
• Nashville School of Law
• Nashville State Community College
• Northeast State Community College
• O'More College of Design
• Pellissippi State Community College
• Rhodes College
• Roane State Community College
• Sewanee: The University of the South
• Southern Adventist University
• Southern College of Optometry
• Southwest Tennessee Community College
• Tennessee Colleges of Applied Technology
• Tennessee State University
• Tennessee Technological University
• Tennessee Wesleyan University
• Trevecca Nazarene University
• Tusculum University
• Union University
• University of Memphis
• University of Tennessee system
  • University of Tennessee (Knoxville)
    • University of Tennessee Health Science Center (Memphis)
    • University of Tennessee Space Institute
  • University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
  • University of Tennessee at Martin
• Vanderbilt University
• Volunteer State Community College
• Walters State Community College
• Watkins College of Art, Design & Film
• Welch College
• Williamson College

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Online Business or e-business is any kind of business or commercial transaction that includes sharing information across the internet. Commerce constitutes the exchange of products and services between businesses, groups and individuals and can be seen as one of the essential activities of any business. Electronic commerce focuses on the use of ICT to enable the external activities and relationships of the business with individuals, groups and other businesses, while e-business refers to business with help of the internet. The term "e-business" was coined by IBM's marketing and Internet team in 1996.

E-commerce (short for "electronic commerce") is trading in products or services using computer networks, such as the Internet. Electronic commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection. Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web for at least one part of the transaction's life cycle, although it may also use other technologies such as e-mail.

E-business systems naturally have greater security risks than traditional business systems, therefore it is important for e-business systems to be fully protected against these risks. A far greater number of people have access to e-businesses through the internet than would have access to a traditional business. Customers, suppliers, employees, and numerous other people use any particular e-business system daily and expect their confidential information to stay secure. Hackers are one of the great threats to the security of e-businesses. Some common security concerns for e-Businesses include keeping business and customer information private and confidential, authenticity of data, and data integrity. Some of the methods of protecting e-business security and keeping information secure include physical security measures as well as data storage, data transmission, anti-virus software, firewalls, and encryption to list a few.

A Bachelor of Information Technology (abbreviations BIT, BInfTech, B.Tech(IT) or BE(IT)) is an undergraduate academic degree that generally requires three to five years of study. While the degree has a major focus on computers and technology, it differs from a Computer Science degree in that students are also expected to study management and information science, and there are reduced requirements for mathematics. A degree in computer science can be expected to concentrate on the scientific aspects of computing, while a degree in information technology can be expected to concentrate on the business and communication applications of computing. There is more emphasis on these two areas in the e-commerce, e-business and business information technology undergraduate courses. Specific names for the degrees vary across countries, and even universities within countries.

This is in contrast to a Bachelor of Science in Information Technology which is a bachelor's degree typically conferred after a period of three to four years of an undergraduate course of study in Information Technology (IT). The degree itself is a Bachelor of Science with institutions conferring degrees in the fields of information technology and related fields.

        Industry Description

Code	Concentration	More Info
MBA/EB	Master of Business Administration- e-Business
School: University of Phoenix Program: The Master of Business Administration/e-Business (MBA/EB) is designed to enhance the management skills needed to function effectively within an organization that is developing e-business applications or is starting out as an e-business. To prepare managers for the emerging e-business marketplace, the University of Phoenix offers a comprehensive MBA/e-Business program to equip managers with the necessary skills to conduct business in an e-business environment. The MBA/EB specialization is based upon courses in e-Business concepts, e-Business technology, and a Seminar in e-Business. The College of Graduate Business has created interactive, multimedia, case-based simulations that place students in real-world environments and require them to apply critical thinking skills to decision-making situations. Each simulation offers learners the opportunity to identify the information required to solve the problem, assess alternative solutions, and receive feedback on their choices. The MBA/EB consists of 45 credit hours. Thirty-six credit hours constitute the core curriculum and nine additional credit hours complete the MBA/EB program. The core begins with the three-credit, six-workshop prerequisite- Managerial Communication and Ethics-designed to build strategies for success in the program. The remainder of the core courses focus on using quantitative analysis to formulate and validate business decisions, as well as, using critical-thinking skills in solving business problems. The final three courses allow students to customize their degree program in the e-business specialization by focusing on current developments, business problems or issues relative to e-business. The principle outcome will be the completion of a master's project introduced in the first of the three specialization courses. The project is completed and presented in the final course of the program. :: Concentration: e-Business :: Online    ::  Location: Nashville, TN ::  more info

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e-Business Degrees

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The e-Business Program blends business and information technology to address the emerging field of e-Commerce and e-Business. This program was developed to further enhance existing core competencies and skill sets, applying the traditional business models to the virtual marketplace.

The curriculum is designed to produce graduates ready to function in e-Business positions with the competencies, skills, and attitudes necessary for success in the workplace.

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