Get Your Degree Online!

:: Information Systems

In the United States, a certificate may be offered by an institute of higher education. These certificates usually signify that a student has reached a standard of knowledge about a certain vocational or professional subject. Certificate programs can be completed more quickly than associate degrees and often do not have general education requirements. Undergraduate certificates represent completion of a specific program offered in coordination with a bachelors degree. Graduate certificates represent completion of studies beyond the bachelor's degree, yet short of a masters degree.

In the State of Maryland, a Certificate of Merit was, until recently, issued to graduating high-school seniors who met certain academic requirements (such as completion of advanced courses and a cumulative GPA of 3.00); the statewide certificate has since been replaced by "endorsements" defined by each local school system.[3]

It also may be awarded as a necessary certification to validate that a student is considered competent in a certain specific networking skill area in information technology. Thus a computer engineer or computer science graduation most likely will have to obtain additional certificates on and pertaining to the specific technologies or equipment used by the hiring corporation; if not, such employer may suffer unwanted penalties like foregoing (voiding the contract) the protections of a certain level of customer service or warranties.

A certification is a third-party attestation of an individual's level of knowledge or proficiency in a certain industry or profession. They are granted by authorities in the field, such as professional societies and universities, or by private certificate-granting agencies. Most certifications are time-limited; some expire after a period of time (e.g., the lifetime of a product that required certification for use), while others can be renewed indefinitely as long as certain requirements are met. Renewal usually requires ongoing education to remain up-to-date on advancements in the field, evidenced by earning the specified number of continuing education credits (CECs), or continuing education units (CEUs), from approved professional development courses.

Many certification programs are affiliated with professional associations, trade organizations, or private vendors interested in raising industry standards. Certificate programs are often created or endorsed by professional associations, but are typically completely independent from membership organizations. Certifications are very common in fields such as aviation, construction, technology, environment, and other industrial sectors, as well as healthcare, business, real estate, and finance.

According to The Guide to National Professional Certification Programs (1997) by Phillip Barnhart, "certifications are portable, since they do not depend on one company's definition of a certain job" and they provide protential employers with "an impartial, third-party endorsement of an individual's professional knowledge and experience".[1]

Certification is different from professional licensure. In the United States, licenses are typically issued by state agencies, whereas certifications are usually awarded by professional societies or educational institutes. Obtaining a certificate is voluntary in some fields, but in others, certification from a government-accredited agency may be legally required to perform certain jobs or tasks. In other countries, licenses are typically granted by professional societies or universities and require a certificate after about three to five years and so on thereafter. The assessment process for certification may be more comprehensive than that of licensure, though sometimes the assessment process is very similar or even the same, despite differing in terms of legal status.

The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) defines the standard for being a certifying agency as meeting the following two requirements:

1. Delivering an assessment based on industry knowledge that is independent from training courses or course providers
2. Granting a time-limited credential to anyone who meets the assessment standards

The Institute for Credentialing Excellence (ICE) is a U.S.-based organization that sets standards for the accreditation of personnel certification and certificate programs based on the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing, a joint publication of the American Educational Research Association (AERA), the American Psychological Association (APA), and the National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME). Many members of the Association of Test Publishers (ATP) are also certification organizations.

• Phillip Barnhart, The Guide to National Professional Certification Programs (1997), HRD Press. ISBN 0-8493-9960-2 Retrieved electronically 7 July 2009.

• Master of Professional Studies in Real Estate. "Advanced Professional Certificate in Real Estate | Georgetown University School of Continuing Studies". Scs.georgetown.edu. Archived from the original on 16 July 2012. Retrieved 18 May 2012.

• "Certificate Programs". lesley.edu.

Information systems (IS) are formal, sociotechnical, organizational systems designed to collect, process, store, and distribute information. In a sociotechnical perspective, information systems are composed by four components: task, people, structure (or roles), and technology.

A computer information system is a system composed of people and computers that processes or interprets information. The term is also sometimes used in more restricted senses to refer to only the software used to run a computerized database or to refer to only a computer system.

Information Systems is an academic study of systems with a specific reference to information and the complementary networks of hardware and software that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create and also distribute data. An emphasis is placed on an information system having a definitive boundary, users, processors, storage, inputs, outputs and the aforementioned communication networks.

Any specific information system aims to support operations, management and decision-making. An information system is the information and communication technology (ICT) that an organization uses, and also the way in which people interact with this technology in support of business processes.

Some authors make a clear distinction between information systems, computer systems, and business processes. Information systems typically include an ICT component but are not purely concerned with ICT, focusing instead on the end use of information technology. Information systems are also different from business processes. Information systems help to control the performance of business processes.

Alter argues for advantages of viewing an information system as a special type of work system. A work system is a system in which humans or machines perform processes and activities using resources to produce specific products or services for customers. An information system is a work system whose activities are devoted to capturing, transmitting, storing, retrieving, manipulating and displaying information.

As such, information systems inter-relate with data systems on the one hand and activity systems on the other. An information system is a form of communication system in which data represent and are processed as a form of social memory. An information system can also be considered a semi-formal language which supports human decision making and action.

Information systems are the primary focus of study for organizational informatics.

Arizona (/ˌærɪˈzoʊnə/ (listen); Navajo: Hoozdo Hahoodzo Navajo pronunciation: [xòːztò xɑ̀xòːtsò]; O'odham: Alĭ ṣonak Uto-Aztecan pronunciation: [ˡaɺi ˡʂonak]) is a state in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the Western and the Mountain states. It is the sixth largest and the 14th most populous of the 50 states. Its capital and largest city is Phoenix. Arizona shares the Four Corners region with Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico; its other neighboring states are Nevada and California to the west and the Mexican states of Sonora and Baja California to the south and southwest.

State of Arizona
Flag Seal
Nickname(s): The Grand Canyon State; The Copper State; The Valentine State
Motto(s): Ditat Deus (God enriches)
State song(s): "The Arizona March Song" and "Arizona"
Official language	English
Spoken languages	As of 2010 English 74.1% Spanish 19.5% Navajo 1.9% Other 4.5 %
Demonym	Arizonan[1]
Capital (and largest city)	Phoenix
Largest metro	Greater Phoenix
Area	Ranked 6th
• Total	113,990[2] sq mi (295,234 km2)
• Width	310 miles (500 km)
• Length	400 miles (645 km)
• % water	0.35
• Latitude	31°  20′ N to 37° N
• Longitude	109°  03′ W to 114°  49′ W
Population	Ranked 14th
• Total	7,171,646 (2018)
• Density	57/sq mi  (22/km2) Ranked 33rd
• Median household income	$56,581 [3] (29th)
Elevation
• Highest point	Humphreys Peak[4][5][6] 12,637 ft (3852 m)
• Mean	4,100 ft  (1250 m)
• Lowest point	Colorado River at the Sonora border[5][6] 72 ft (22 m)
Before statehood	Arizona Territory
Admitted to the Union	February 14, 1912 (48th)
Governor	Doug Ducey (R)
Secretary of State	Katie Hobbs (D)
Legislature	Arizona Legislature
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
U.S. Senators	Kyrsten Sinema (D) Martha McSally (R)
U.S. House delegation	5 Democrats 4 Republicans (list)
Time zones
• most of state	Mountain: UTC −7 (no DST)
• Navajo Nation	Mountain: UTC −7/−6
ISO 3166	US-AZ
Abbreviations	AZ, Ariz.
Website	www.az.gov

Arizona state symbols
The Flag of Arizona
The Seal of Arizona
Living insignia
Amphibian	Arizona tree frog
Bird	Cactus wren
Butterfly	Two-tailed swallowtail
Fish	Apache trout
Flower	Saguaro cactus blossom
Mammal	Ring-tailed cat
Reptile	Arizona ridge-nosed rattlesnake
Tree	Palo verde
Inanimate insignia
Colors	Blue, old gold
Firearm	Colt Single Action Army revolver
Fossil	Petrified wood
Gemstone	Turquoise
Mineral	Fire agate
Rock	Petrified wood
Ship	USS Arizona
Slogan	The Grand Canyon State
Soil	Casa Grande
State route marker
State quarter
Released in 2008
Lists of United States state symbols

Saguaro cactus flowers and buds after a wet winter. This is Arizona's official state flower.

Arizona is the 48th state and last of the contiguous states to be admitted to the Union, achieving statehood on February 14, 1912, coinciding with Valentine's Day. Historically part of the territory of Alta California in New Spain, it became part of independent Mexico in 1821. After being defeated in the Mexican–American War, Mexico ceded much of this territory to the United States in 1848. The southernmost portion of the state was acquired in 1853 through the Gadsden Purchase.

Southern Arizona is known for its desert climate, with very hot summers and mild winters. Northern Arizona features forests of pine, Douglas fir, and spruce trees; the Colorado Plateau; mountain ranges (such as the San Francisco Mountains); as well as large, deep canyons, with much more moderate summer temperatures and significant winter snowfalls. There are ski resorts in the areas of Flagstaff, Alpine, and Tucson. In addition to the Grand Canyon National Park, there are several national forests, national parks, and national monuments.

About one-quarter of the state[7] is made up of Indian reservations that serve as the home of 27 federally recognized Native American tribes, including the Navajo Nation, the largest in the state and the United States, with more than 300,000 citizens. Although federal law gave all Native Americans the right to vote in 1924, Arizona excluded those living on reservations in the state from voting until the state Supreme Court ruled in favor of Native American plaintiffs in Trujillo v. Garley (1948).[8][9]

Arizona is in the Southwestern United States as one of the Four Corners states. Arizona is the sixth largest state by area, ranked after New Mexico and before Nevada. Of the state's 113,998 square miles (295,000 km2), approximately 15% is privately owned. The remaining area is public forest and park land, state trust land and Native American reservations.

Arizona is well known for its desert Basin and Range region in the state's southern portions, which is rich in a landscape of xerophyte plants such as the cactus. This region's topography was shaped by prehistoric volcanism, followed by the cooling-off and related subsidence. Its climate has exceptionally hot summers and mild winters. The state is less well known for its pine-covered north-central portion of the high country of the Colorado Plateau (see Arizona Mountains forests).

Like other states of the Southwest United States, Arizona has an abundance of mountains and plateaus. Despite the state's aridity, 27% of Arizona is forest,[36] a percentage comparable to modern-day France or Germany[citation needed]. The world's largest stand of ponderosa pine trees is in Arizona.[37]

The Mogollon Rim, a 1,998-foot (609 m) escarpment, cuts across the state's central section and marks the southwestern edge of the Colorado Plateau. In 2002, this was an area of the Rodeo–Chediski Fire, the worst fire in state history.

Located in northern Arizona, the Grand Canyon is a colorful, deep, steep-sided gorge, carved by the Colorado River. The canyon is one of the seven natural wonders of the world and is largely contained in the Grand Canyon National Park—one of the first national parks in the United States. President Theodore Roosevelt was a major proponent of designating the Grand Canyon area as a National Park, often visiting to hunt mountain lion and enjoy the scenery. The canyon was created by the Colorado River cutting a channel over millions of years, and is about 277 miles (446 km) long, ranges in width from 4 to 18 miles (6 to 29 km) and attains a depth of more than 1 mile (1.6 km). Nearly two billion years of the Earth's history have been exposed as the Colorado River and its tributaries cut through layer after layer of sediment as the Colorado Plateau uplifted.

Arizona is home to one of the most well-preserved meteorite impact sites in the world. Created around 50,000 years ago, the Barringer Meteorite Crater (better known simply as "Meteor Crater") is a gigantic hole in the middle of the high plains of the Colorado Plateau, about 25 miles (40 km) west of Winslow. A rim of smashed and jumbled boulders, some of them the size of small houses, rises 150 feet (46 m) above the level of the surrounding plain. The crater itself is nearly 1 mile (1.6 kilometers) wide, and 570 feet (170 m) deep.

Arizona is one of two U.S. states that does not observe Daylight Saving Time (the other being Hawaii). The exception is within the large Navajo Nation (which observes Daylight Saving Time), in the state's northeastern region.

Due to its large area and variations in elevation, the state has a wide variety of localized climate conditions. In the lower elevations, the climate is primarily desert, with mild winters and extremely hot summers. Typically, from late fall to early spring, the weather is mild, averaging a minimum of 60 °F (16 °C). November through February are the coldest months, with temperatures typically ranging from 40 to 75 °F (4 to 24 °C), with occasional frosts.[40]

About midway through February, the temperatures start to rise, with warm days, and cool, breezy nights. The summer months of June through September bring a dry heat from 90 to 120 °F (32 to 49 °C), with occasional high temperatures exceeding 125 °F (52 °C) having been observed in the desert area.[40] Arizona's all-time record high is 128 °F (53 °C) recorded at Lake Havasu City on June 29, 1994, and July 5, 2007; the all-time record low of −40 °F (−40 °C) was recorded at Hawley Lake on January 7, 1971.

Due to the primarily dry climate, large diurnal temperature variations occur in less-developed areas of the desert above 2,500 ft (760 m). The swings can be as large as 83 °F (46 °C) in the summer months. In the state's urban centers, the effects of local warming result in much higher measured night-time lows than in the recent past.

Arizona has an average annual rainfall of 12.7 in (323 mm),[41] which comes during two rainy seasons, with cold fronts coming from the Pacific Ocean during the winter and a monsoon in the summer.[42] The monsoon season occurs toward the end of summer. In July or August, the dewpoint rises dramatically for a brief period. During this time, the air contains large amounts of water vapor. Dewpoints as high as 81 °F (27 °C)[43] have been recorded during the Phoenix monsoon season. This hot moisture brings lightning, thunderstorms, wind, and torrential, if usually brief, downpours. These downpours often cause flash floods, which can turn deadly. In an attempt to deter drivers from crossing flooding streams, the Arizona Legislature enacted the Stupid Motorist Law. It is rare for tornadoes or hurricanes to occur in Arizona.

Arizona's northern third is a plateau at significantly higher altitudes than the lower desert, and has an appreciably cooler climate, with cold winters and mild summers, though the climate remains semiarid to arid. Extremely cold temperatures are not unknown; cold air systems from the northern states and Canada occasionally push into the state, bringing temperatures below 0 °F (−18 °C) to the state's northern parts.

Indicative of the variation in climate, Arizona is the state which has both the metropolitan area with the most days over 100 °F (38 °C) (Phoenix), and the metropolitan area in the lower 48 states with the most days with a low temperature below freezing (Flagstaff).[44]

The 2011 total gross state product was $259 billion. This figure gives Arizona a larger economy than such countries as Ireland, Finland, and New Zealand.[dubious – discuss] The composition of the state's economy is moderately diverse; although health care, transportation and the government remain the largest sectors.

The state's per capita income is $40,828, ranking 39th in the U.S. The state had a median household income of $50,448, making it 22nd in the country and just below the U.S. national mean.[77] Early in its history, Arizona's economy relied on the "five C's": copper (see Copper mining in Arizona), cotton, cattle, citrus, and climate (tourism). Copper is still extensively mined from many expansive open-pit and underground mines, accounting for two-thirds of the nation's output.

Arizona is served by three public universities: The University of Arizona, Arizona State University, and Northern Arizona University. These schools are governed by the Arizona Board of Regents.

Private higher education in Arizona is dominated by a large number of for-profit and "chain" (multi-site) universities.[99]

Embry–Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott and Prescott College are Arizona's only non-profit four-year private colleges.[100]

Arizona has a wide network of two-year vocational schools and community colleges. These colleges were governed historically by a separate statewide Board of Directors but, in 2002, the state legislature transferred almost all oversight authority to individual community college districts.[101] The Maricopa County Community College District includes 11 community colleges throughout Maricopa County and is one of the largest in the nation.

• "Arizona – Definition and More from the Free Merriam-Webster Dictionary". Merriam-webster.com. April 25, 2007. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• "2010 Census State Area Measurements and Internal Point Coordinates". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved February 14, 2012.

• "Median Annual Household Income". The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved December 9, 2016.

• "Frisco". NGS data sheet. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Retrieved October 20, 2011.

• "Elevations and Distances in the United States". United States Geological Survey. 2001. Archived from the original on October 15, 2011. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• Elevation adjusted to North American Vertical Datum of 1988.

• All about Arizona. sheppardsoftware.com. Retrieved September 21, 2010.

• Dr. Dean Chavers, "History of Indian voting rights and why it's important" Archived July 7, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, Indian Country Today, October 29, 2012; accessed July 17, 2016. See Trujillo v. Garley (1948)

• Harrison v. Laveen, July 1948, Arizona Supreme Court

• Bright, William (2004). Native American Place Names of the United States. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, p. 47

• Kitt, E. O.; Pearce, T. M. (1952). "Arizona Place Name Records". Western Folklore. 11 (4): 284–287. doi:10.2307/1496233. JSTOR 1496233.

• Harper, Douglas. "Arizona". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• McClintock, James (1916). Arizona, Prehistoric, Aboriginal, Pioneer, Modern: The Nation's Youngest Commonwealth within a Land of Ancient Culture. Chicago: The S.J. Clarke Publishing Co.

• Thompson, Clay (February 11, 2007). "No, 'arid zone' not the basis of state's name". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved December 29, 2014.

• Saxton, Dean, Saxton, Lucille, & Enos, Susie. (1983). Dictionary: Tohono O'odham/Pima to English, English to Tohono O'odham/Pima. Tucson, AZ: The University of Arizona Press

• Thompson, Clay (February 25, 2007). "A sorry state of affairs when views change". The Arizona Republic. Archived from the original on August 1, 2007. Retrieved March 3, 2007.

• Jim Turner. "How Arizona did NOT Get its Name". Arizona Historical Society. Archived from the original on August 2, 2007. Retrieved March 3, 2007.

• Donald Garate, 2005, "Arizonac, a twentieth-century myth", Journal of Arizona History 46(2), pp. 161–184

• "The Meaning of Arizona". Arizona Almanac. Arizona State Library Archives & Public Records. Retrieved 20 March 2019.

• Martínez Laínez, Fernando and Canales Torres, Carlos. Banderas lejanas: La exploración, conquista y defensa por parte de España del Territorio de los actuales Estados Unidos (in Spanish: Far flags. The exploration, conquest and defense by Spain of the Territory of the present United States). Page 145-46. Fourth edition: September 2009.

• Timothy Anna et al., Historia de México. Barcelona: Critica, 2001, p. 10.

• Mexican–American War as accessed on March 16, 2007, at 7:33 MST AM

• "Arizona Ordinance of secession presented by the Col. Sherod Hunter Camp 1525, SCV, Phoenix, Arizona". Members.tripod.com. July 23, 2007. Archived from the original on January 17, 2010. Retrieved July 25, 2010.

• United States. Cong. Senate (1904) [1st pub. Confederate States. Cong.:1861–1862]. Journal of the Congress of the Confederate States of America, 1861–1865. Volume I. 58th Cong. 2d sess. S. Doc. 234. Washington: Government Printing Office. p. 691. LCCN 05012700 – via Internet Archive.

• Henson, Pauline (1965). Founding a Wilderness Capital, Prescott, A. T., 1864. Flagstaff, Arizona: Northland Press. pp. passim.

• Arroyo Rodriguez, Nadine (September 26, 2014). "Did You Know: Capital Of Arizona Moved 4 Times Before Settling In Phoenix". kjzz. Retrieved January 9, 2019.

• "Preserving Cultural and Historic Resources – A Conservation Objective of the Sonoran Desert Conservation Plan". pima.gov. Archived from the original on January 17, 2010. Retrieved November 13, 2016.

• Shillingberg, William (1999). Tombstone, A. T., A History of Early Mining, Milling and Mayhem. Spokane, Washington: Arthur Clark. p. passim. ISBN 0-87062-273-0.

• Bailey, Lynn (2002). Bisbee, Queen of the Copper Camps. Tucson, Arizona: Westernlore Press. p. passim. ISBN 0-87026-058-8.

• Clements, Eric (2003). After the Boom in Tombstone and Jerome, Arizona. Reno, Nevada: University of Nevada Press. p. passim. ISBN 0-87417-571-2.

• Varney, Philip (1994). Arizona Ghost Towns and Mining Camps. Phoenix, Arizona: Arizona Highways, DOT. p. passim. ISBN 0-916179-44-3.

• Ascarza, William (2015). In Search of Fortunes, a Look at the History of Arizona Mining. Evansville, Indiana: M. T. Publishing. p. Passim. ISBN 978-1-938730-69-6.

• Byrkit, James (1982). Forging the Copper Collar, Arizona's Labor-Management War, 1901-1921. Tucson: University of Arizona Press. p. passim. ISBN 0-8165-0745-7.

• "Archaeology of the Phoenix Indian School". Archaeology.org. March 27, 1998. Archived from the original on January 17, 2010. Retrieved July 25, 2010.

• "Arizona Democrats authorize Internet Voting for March 11 Advisory Primary", The Green Papers

• "Urban and Community Forestry Division". Arizona State Forestry Division. Retrieved July 6, 2014.

• "Prescott Overview". Ncsu.edu. May 15, 2002. Archived from the original on January 17, 2010. Retrieved July 25, 2010.

• "Arizona". USGS Earthquake Hazards Program Earthquake.Usgs.Gov. Archived from the original on January 6, 2013. Retrieved October 12, 2012.

• "Arizona". USGS Earthquake Hazards Program Earthquake.Usgs.Gov. Archived from the original on September 1, 2012. Retrieved October 12, 2012.

• "Arizona Climate". Desert Research Institute, Western Regional Climate Center, Reno, Nevada. December 7, 2001. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• Climate Assessment for the Southwest (December 1999). "The Climate of the Southwest". University of Arizona. Archived from the original on October 12, 2007. Retrieved March 21, 2006.

• United States Geological Survey (September 2005). "Hydrologic Conditions in Arizona During 1999–2004: A Historical Perspective" (PDF). Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• "History for Phoenix, AZ". Weather Underground. August 31, 2006.

• "Mean number of Days with Minimum Temperature Below 32F National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Retrieved March 24, 2007". Lwf.ncdc.noaa.gov. August 20, 2008. Archived from the original on December 17, 2001. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• "Arizona climate averages". Weatherbase. Retrieved November 11, 2015.

• Resident Population Data – 2010 Census Archived October 19, 2013, at the Wayback Machine

• "QuickFacts Arizona; UNITED STATES". 2018 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. February 1, 2019. Retrieved February 2, 2019.

• Arizona (state, United States). Encyclopædia Britannica Online.

• "Arizona – Race and Hispanic Origin: 1860 to 1990." (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Archived February 9, 2018, at the Wayback Machine.

• Census.gov Arizona – Race and Hispanic Origin: 1860 to 1990 Archived January 12, 2012, at the Wayback Machine

• "Arizona at a crossroads over water and growth". The Arizona Republic. March 9, 2008.

• "Americans under age 1 now mostly minorities, but not in Ohio: Statistical Snapshot". The Plain Dealer. June 3, 2012.

• "Ranking Tables for Metropolitan Areas: 1990 and 2000." United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved on July 8, 2006.

• Slevin, Peter (April 30, 2010). "New Arizona law puts police in 'tenuous' spot". Washington Post. Washington, DC. p. A4. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• second to Nevada with 8.8% in 2010

• "Arizona – Race and Hispanic Origin: 1860 to 1990". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 25, 2008.

• American FactFinder – Results Archived May 20, 2011, at the Wayback Machine

• Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States Archived December 24, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
  "Table 17. Arizona – Race and Hispanic Origin: 1860 to 1990". (PDF)

• "Population of Arizona – Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts – CensusViewer". censusviewer.com.

• "2010 Census Data".

• American FactFinder, United States Census Bureau. "Arizona – Selected Social Characteristics in the United States: 2007–2009". Factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• "Arizona". Modern Language Association. Retrieved October 15, 2013.

• 2005 American Community Survey. Retrieved from the data of the MLA, July 13, 2010

• Arizona has most Indian language speakers. upi.com Accessed December 12, 2011.

• Phoenix Business Journal. September 2, 2011. p. 4. Missing or empty |title= (help)

• "Welcome to Lake Havasu City". Lake Havasu City. Archived from the original on August 23, 2015. Retrieved July 5, 2015.

• "ASU@Lake Havasu". Arizona Board of Regents. Retrieved March 20, 2019.

• "2017 Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved February 2, 2019.

• "Religious Landscape Study". May 11, 2015.

• "LDS Facts and Statistics USA-Arizona". Mormon Newsroom. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Retrieved November 30, 2014.

• "The Association of Religion Data Archives | State membership Report". www.Thearda.com. Retrieved November 7, 2013.

• "Facts and Statistics USA-Arizona". lds.org. Retrieved April 30, 2012.

• "Arizona – Religious Traditions, 2010". Association of Religion Data Archives. Archived from the original on August 2, 2017. Retrieved August 2, 2017.

• "Arizona – Religious Traditions, 2010". Association of Religion Data Archives. Archived from the original on August 2, 2017. Retrieved August 2, 2017.

• "How Hindus Grew into Second-Largest Faith in Arizona & Delaware". NBC News. June 24, 2014. Archived from the original on August 2, 2017. Retrieved August 2, 2017.

• "U.S. Religion Census 2010: Summary Findings" (PDF). Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies. May 1, 2012. p. 16. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 2, 2017. Retrieved August 2, 2017.

• "News Release" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on September 21, 2012. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• "Arizona Economy at a Glance". Bls.gov. Retrieved September 9, 2016.

• "Arizona Republic 100: State's biggest employers". The Arizona Republic.

• "Arizona Income Tax Rates for 2017". www.tax-rates.org.

• "Tucson: Streetcar Plan Wins With 60% of Vote". Lightrailnow.org. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• World's busiest airports by traffic movements

• World's busiest airports by passenger traffic

• "Deer Valley Airport". Phoenix.gov. Archived from the original on April 23, 2011. Retrieved July 25, 2010.

• "Ariz. GOP would gain if Napolitano gets Obama post". KTAR. Associated Press. November 20, 2008. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• "Format Document". Azleg.gov. January 1, 1993. Retrieved September 9, 2016.

• "Table 1. The Counties and the Most Populous Incorporated Places in 2010 in Arizona: 2000 and 2010". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved January 8, 2012. Archived October 17, 2011, at the Wayback Machine

• "Voter Registration Statistics" (PDF). Arizona Secretary of State Elections Bureau. Retrieved November 7, 2016.

• "Arizona stands alone against marriage ban – Queer Lesbian Gay News". Gay.com. Archived from the original on May 16, 2016. Retrieved July 25, 2010.

• Ban on gay unions solidly supported in most of Arizona Archived November 8, 2008, at the Wayback Machine

• Archibold, Randal C. (April 23, 2010). "Arizona Enacts Stringent Law on Immigration". The New York Times. Retrieved December 28, 2011.

• "High court to weigh Arizona voter registration case". Reuters. March 15, 2013. Retrieved March 17, 2013.

• "Why Arizona Flipped On Gay Marriage". Retrieved 2017-11-15.

• McKinley, Jesse; Goodstein, Laurie (2008-11-05). "Bans in 3 States on Gay Marriage". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-11-15.

• "Arizona city poised to pass state's first civil union ordinance". Reuters. 2013-04-02. Retrieved 2017-11-15.

• Press, Associated (2013-06-05). "Bisbee, Arizona same-sex marriage: Council approves civil unions measure". KNXV. Retrieved 2017-11-15.

• "Legal Recognition of Same-Sex Relationships" (PDF). samesexrelationshipguide.com. August 31, 2015. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-24. Retrieved October 14, 2017.

• "AZ pro-civil unions, remembers Goldwater fondly" (PDF).

• "College Navigator - Search Results". nces.ed.gov.

• "College Navigator – Prescott College". nces.ed.gov.

• 2002 Legislature – HB 2710, which later became ARS 15-1444

• "AZ Private Postsecondary Institutions". Azhighered.org. Retrieved September 9, 2016.

• Crawdaddy. April 1975. Missing or empty |title= (help)

• Knauer, Tom (November 22, 2006). "What is the Territorial Cup?". The Wildcat Online. Archived from the original on October 8, 2008. Retrieved April 2, 2007.

• Official 2007 NCAA Division I Football Records Book (PDF). National Collegiate Athletic Association. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 25, 2008.

• "Buckhorn Baths: A unique Mesa landmark". www.azcentral.com.

• "Mary Peters". ntl.bts.gov/. Retrieved September 9, 2013.

• "Sandra Day O'Connor". .law.cornell.edu. Retrieved September 9, 2013.

• "William Rehnquist". Directory of Federal Judges. Retrieved September 9, 2013.

• "Dennis DeConcini". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 9, 2013.

• "Dennis Van Roekel". National Education Association. Retrieved September 9, 2013.

• "Jon Kyl". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 9, 2013.

• "John McCain". MProject Vote Smart. Retrieved September 9, 2013.

• "Barry Goldwater". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved September 9, 2013.

• "Bruce Babbitt". The Washington Post Company. December 15, 1999. Retrieved September 9, 2013.

• "Rex E. Lee". Deseret News. Retrieved September 9, 2013.

• "Janet Napolitano". MProject Vote Smart. Retrieved September 9, 2013.

• "Jerald Jackson Taylor". apnewsarchive.com. April 3, 1995. Retrieved July 31, 2015.

• "The Story of Cesar Chavez". UFW. Retrieved 13 November 2018.

• "Sonorasaurus officially named Arizona's state dinosaur". April 11, 2018.

• Carter, Julie Meka. "Apache Trout Recovery: A Wildlife Success Story". Wildlife & Conservation. Arizona Game and Fish Department. Archived from the original on September 20, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2013.

• "Kids' Page – Arizona State Songs".

        School Description

Choose the education that's right for YOU!               

Code	Concentration	More Info
CA/IS	Computer Information Systems (CIS)
School: DeVry University Program: Today's computer information systems (CIS) professionals provide invaluable and highly specialized computer systems expertise, helping companies stay competitive in the global marketplace. These experts harness technology and enable organizations to use information to the fullest. In short, CIS experts are vital to the bottom-line success of every enterprise. The CIS program is composed of coursework in communication skills, humanities, social sciences, personal and professional development, mathematics and science, business and accounting, systems concepts, programming, and systems development. :: Concentration: Information Systems :: Campus    ::  Location: Phoenix, AZ ::  more info

top

Code	Concentration	More Info
CA/IS	Information Technology (IT)
School: DeVry University Program: The Information Technology (IT) program is designed for the baccalaureate-level college graduate seeking to pursue a career in IT. The program is structured around a core of technology-oriented specialty courses with emphasis on applying computer technology to solve business problems. Students draw on their college and business backgrounds as they work in teams to develop solutions to case studies. Project management, communication skills and ongoing IT administration, all of which are critically important in today's rapidly changing business environment, are integrated across the program. :: Concentration: Information Systems :: Campus    ::  Location: Phoenix, AZ ::  more info

top

Information Systems - Select a State
Alabama	Massachusetts	Ontario
Arizona	Winnepeg, MB	Oregon
Vancouver, BC	Maryland	Pennsylvania
California	Minnesota	Quebec
Colorado	Missouri	Rhode Island
Connecticut	Mississippi	Texas
Florida	New Jersey	Utah
Georgia	New Mexico	Virginia
Hawaii	Nevada	Washington
Idaho	New York	Wisconsin
Illinois	Ohio	Online Programs
Louisiana	Oklahoma

School Description

information systems

Arizona Listing

Today's computer information systems (CIS) professionals provide invaluable and highly specialized computer systems expertise, helping companies stay competitive in the global marketplace. These experts harness technology and enable organizations to use information to the fullest. In short, CIS experts are vital to the bottom-line success of every enterprise.

The CIS program is composed of coursework in communication skills, humanities, social sciences, personal and professional development, mathematics and science, business and accounting, systems concepts, programming, and systems development.

top

Information Systems Sponsors

| Technical and Non-Technical Degrees | Chubb Institute | DeVry University | University of Phoenix | DeVry Keller University | College Searching

College Searching Sponsors

debt consolidation | University Online Degree | Home Remodeling | debt help | General Links |

about | contact | sitemap

College Searching and Online Degrees offer Associate, Bachelor, Masters and Ph.D. degrees in automotive, teaching, finance, internet technology, accounting, marketing, Information Systems, nursing, computer science, fashion and graphic design, and much more!