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:: Criminal Justice Degrees- Bachelor

The administration of justice is the process by which the legal system of a government is executed. The presumed goal of such administration is to provide justice for all those accessing the legal system. The phrase is also used commonly to describe a University degree (as in: a BA in Administration of Justice), which can be a prerequisite for a job in law enforcement or government.

Criminal justice is the delivery of justice to those who have committed crimes. The criminal justice system is a series of government agencies and institutions whose goals are to identify and catch unlawful individuals to inflict a form of punishment on them. Other goals include the rehabilitation of offenders, preventing other crimes, and moral support for victims. The primary institutions of the criminal justice system are the police, prosecution and defense lawyers, the courts and prisons.

The courts serve as the venue where disputes are then settled and justice is administered. With regard to criminal justice, there are a number of critical people in any court setting. These critical people are referred to as the courtroom work group and include both professional and non professional individuals. These include the judge, prosecutor, and the defense attorney. The judge, or magistrate, is a person, elected or appointed, who is knowledgeable in the law, and whose function is to objectively administer the legal proceedings and offer a final decision to dispose of a case.

In the U.S. and in a growing number of nations, guilt or innocence (although in the U.S. a jury can never find a defendant "innocent" but rather "not guilty") is decided through the adversarial system. In this system, two parties will both offer their version of events and argue their case before the court (sometimes before a judge or panel of judges, sometimes before a jury). The case should be decided in favor of the party who offers the most sound and compelling arguments based on the law as applied to the facts of the case.

The prosecutor, or district attorney, is a lawyer who brings charges against a person, persons or corporate entity. It is the prosecutor's duty to explain to the court what crime was committed and to detail what evidence has been found which incriminates the accused. The prosecutor should not be confused with a plaintiff or plaintiff's counsel. Although both serve the function of bringing a complaint before the court, the prosecutor is a servant of the state who makes accusations on behalf of the state in criminal proceedings, while the plaintiff is the complaining party in civil proceedings.

A defense attorney counsels the accused on the legal process, likely outcomes for the accused and suggests strategies. The accused, not the lawyer, has the right to make final decisions regarding a number of fundamental points, including whether to testify, and to accept a plea offer or demand a jury trial in appropriate cases. It is the defense attorney's duty to represent the interests of the client, raise procedural and evidentiary issues, and hold the prosecution to its burden of proving guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. Defense counsel may challenge evidence presented by the prosecution or present exculpatory evidence and argue on behalf of their client. At trial, the defense attorney may attempt to offer a rebuttal to the prosecutor's accusations.

In the U.S., an accused person is entitled to a government-paid defense attorney if he or she is in jeopardy of losing his or her life and/or liberty. Those who cannot afford a private attorney may be provided one by the state. Historically, however, the right to a defense attorney has not always been universal. For example, in Tudor England criminals accused of treason were not permitted to offer arguments in their defense. In many jurisdictions, there is no right to an appointed attorney, if the accused is not in jeopardy of losing his or her liberty.

The final determination of guilt or innocence is typically made by a third party, who is supposed to be disinterested. This function may be performed by a judge, a panel of judges, or a jury panel composed of unbiased citizens. This process varies depending on the laws of the specific jurisdiction. In some places the panel (be it judges or a jury) is required to issue a unanimous decision, while in others only a majority vote is required. In America, this process depends on the state, level of court, and even agreements between the prosecuting and defending parties. Some nations do not use juries at all, or rely on theological or military authorities to issue verdicts.

Some cases can be disposed of without the need for a trial. In fact, the vast majority are. If the accused confesses his or her guilt, a shorter process may be employed and a judgment may be rendered more quickly. Some nations, such as America, allow plea bargaining in which the accused pleads guilty, nolo contendere or not guilty, and may accept a diversion program or reduced punishment, where the prosecution's case is weak or in exchange for the cooperation of the accused against other people. This reduced sentence is sometimes a reward for sparing the state the expense of a formal trial. Many nations do not permit the use of plea bargaining, believing that it coerces innocent people to plead guilty in an attempt to avoid a harsh punishment.

The entire trial process, whatever the country, is fraught with problems and subject to criticism. Bias and discrimination form an ever-present threat to an objective decision. Any prejudice on the part of the lawyers, the judge, or jury members threatens to destroy the court's credibility. Some people argue that the often Byzantine rules governing courtroom conduct and processes restrict a layman's ability to participate, essentially reducing the legal process to a battle between the lawyers. In this case, the criticism is that the decision is based less on sound justice and more on the lawyer's eloquence and charisma. This is a particular problem when the lawyer performs in a substandard manner. The jury process is another area of frequent criticism, as there are few mechanisms to guard against poor judgment or incompetence on the part of the layman jurors. Judges themselves are very subject to bias subject to things as ordinary as the length of time since their last break.

A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin baccalaureus) or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin baccalaureatus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years (depending on institution and academic discipline). In some institutions and educational systems, some bachelor's degrees can only be taken as graduate or postgraduate degrees after a first degree has been completed. In countries with qualifications frameworks, bachelor's degrees are normally one of the major levels in the framework (sometimes two levels where non-honours and honours bachelor's degrees are considered separately), although some qualifications titled bachelor's degrees may be at other levels (e.g., MBBS) and some qualifications with non-bachelor's titles may be classified as bachelor's degrees (e.g. the Scottish MA and Canadian MD).

The term bachelor in the 12th century referred to a knight bachelor, who was too young or poor to gather vassals under his own banner. By the end of the 13th century, it was also used by junior members of guilds or universities. By folk etymology or wordplay, the word baccalaureus came to be associated with bacca lauri ("laurel berry") in reference to laurels being awarded for academic success or honours.[1]

Under the British system, and those influenced by it, undergraduate academic degrees are differentiated as either non-honours degrees (known variously as pass degrees, ordinary degrees or general degrees) or honours degrees, the latter sometimes denoted by the addition of "(Hons)" after the degree abbreviation.[2]

An honours degree generally requires a higher academic standard than a pass degree, and in some systems an additional year of study beyond the non-honours bachelor's. Some countries, such as Australia, New Zealand and Canada, have a postgraduate "bachelor with honours" degree. This may be taken as a consecutive academic degree, continuing on from the completion of a bachelor's degree program in the same field, or as part of an integrated honours program. These programs typically require completion of a full-year long research thesis project.

Bachelor's degrees in the United States are typically designed to be completed in four years of full-time study, although some programs (such as engineering or architecture)[21] usually take five, and some universities and colleges allow ambitious students (usually with the help of summer school, who are taking many classes each semester or who have existing credit from high school Advanced Placement or International Baccalaureate course exams) to complete them in as little as three years. Some US colleges and universities have a separate academic track known as an "honors" or "scholars" program, generally offered to the top percentile of students (based on GPA), that offers more challenging courses or more individually directed seminars or research projects in lieu of the standard core curriculum. Those students are awarded the same bachelor's degree as students completing the standard curriculum but with the notation in cursu honorum on the transcript and the diploma. Usually, the above Latin honors are separate from the notation for this honors course, but a student in the honors course generally must maintain grades worthy of at least the cum laude notation anyway.[22] Hence, a graduate might receive a diploma Artium Baccalaureatum rite or Artium Baccalaureatum summa cum laude in the regular course or Artium Baccalaureatum summa cum laude in cursu honorum in the honors course.

If the student has completed the requirements for an honors degree only in a particular discipline (e.g., English language and literature), the degree is designated accordingly (e.g., B.A. with Honors in English). In this case, the degree candidate will complete the normal curriculum for all subjects except the selected discipline ("English," in the preceding example). The requirements in either case usually require completion of particular honors seminars, independent research at a level higher than usually required (often with greater personal supervision by faculty than usual), and a written honors thesis in the major subject.

Many universities and colleges in the United States award bachelor's degrees with Latin honors, usually (in ascending order) cum laude ("with honor/praise"), magna cum laude ("with great honor/praise"), summa cum laude ("with highest honor/praise"), and the occasionally seen maxima cum laude ("with maximal honor/praise"). Requirements for such notations of honors generally include minimum grade point averages (GPA), with the highest average required for the summa distinction (or maxima, when that distinction is present). In the case of some schools, such as Bates College, Carleton College, Colby College, Middlebury College, Guilford College, Franklin College Switzerland, and larger universities like the University of Virginia, Princeton University, North Carolina State University, University of Massachusetts Amherst, a senior thesis for degrees in the humanities or laboratory research for natural science (and sometimes social science) degrees is also required. Five notable exceptions are Reed College, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, The Evergreen State College, Sarah Lawrence College, and Bennington College, which do not have deans' lists, Latin honors recognitions, or undergraduate honors programs or subjects.

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• Note the Australian degree is a "masters", not a "master's" in official documents

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• "Two-year Honours Degrees Offered: The 'fast-track' Degrees Will Be Piloted at Five Universities". BBC News, 18 April 2006, accessed 8 October 2007: "Students in England can do honours degrees in two years, under new 'fast track' plans to save time and money."

• "Bachelor's + Master's in Just Three Years". University of Buckingham. Retrieved 6 August 2016.

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Industry Description Full Program Listing

Code	Concentration	More Info
	Bachelor Degree in Criminal Justice
School: Florida Metropolitan University Program: A career in criminal justice offers many benefits and possibilities; among them are working in a professional environment, job security, the potential for career advancement, and the personal satisfaction of doing interesting, highly valuable work that serves the public. The Bachelor of Science degree in Criminal Justice enhances the study of the criminal justice system and expands into areas such as gang activity, drug operations, and criminal justice management. The curriculum is designed to offer a balance of theory and application that will prove to be challenging to students, and useful in the field. :: Concentration: Criminal Justice :: Online        ::  Location: Brandon, FL ::  more info  ::  Location: Jacksonville, FL ::  more info  ::  Location: Lakeland, FL ::  more info  ::  Location: Melbourne, FL ::  more info  ::  Location: North Orlando, FL ::  more info  ::  Location: Orange Park, FL ::  more info  ::  Location: Pinellas, FL ::  more info  ::  Location: Pompano Beach, FL ::  more info  ::  Location: South Orlando, FL ::  more info  ::  Location: Tampa, FL ::  more info

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Code	Concentration	More Info
BSGB	Bachelor Degree in Criminal Justice
School: Florida Metropolitan University Online Program: The online Bachelor of Science degree in Criminal Justice will provide you with advanced knowledge of the criminal justice system. Graduates of this program pursue career opportunities in corrections, immigration, probation, and case/social work. :: Concentration: Criminal Justice :: Online        ::  Location: Online ::  more info

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Code	Concentration	More Info
BSGB	Advanced Start B.S. in Criminal Justice
School: Kaplan University Program: If you already have your associate’s degree, the Advanced Start for the Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice will give you the qualifications you need to increase your marketability in today’s job market, as well as your income. According to the Digest of Education, a bachelor’s degree means greater earnings over the course of your lifetime. Our innovative program combines the career-oriented focus of a two-year degree with the academic curriculum of a four-year program, offering you the flexibility of joining the workforce while pursuing your lifelong goals. This bachelor’s degree program prepares you for advancement in criminal justice with the knowledge, communication skills, critical thinking, and technical competencies required in the modern workplace. This degree accommodates both the student whose immediate educational goals are satisfied by the completion of a bachelor's degree, and the student who is planning to pursue study in the criminal justice field at the graduate level. Kaplan University offers three emphasis areas in the Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice program: Law Enforcement, Private Security, and Corrections. :: Concentration: Criminal Justice :: Online        ::  Location: Online ::  more info

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Code	Concentration	More Info
BSGB	B.S. in Criminal Justice
School: Kaplan University Program: If you are seeking to advance your criminal justice career in law enforcement, private security, or corrections or to pursue entry-level opportunities, the Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice program will help you meet your career goals. This degree provides students with a solid foundation in criminal justice and a broad liberal arts knowledge base. The baccalaureate program is designed to combine the professional skills of various specialized areas of criminal justice with research and analytical skills. Graduates of this program can seek employment opportunities in various criminal justice environments, such as law enforcement, corrections, probation, parole, or juvenile justice facilities. Kaplan University offers three emphasis areas in the Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice program: Law Enforcement, Private Security, and Corrections. :: Concentration: Criminal Justice :: Online        ::  Location: Online ::  more info

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Industry Description

Criminal justice courses are an asset to people in law enforcement, penile, social services and legal fields. With a variety of study options available, there is a way for anyone with the desire to acquire the criminal justice courses of their choice. Are you a high school graduate, just heading into the work force, a working professional with a desire to supplement existing credentials, a parent ready to head back to work or someone wanting a change of career? No matter what your situation or schedule, you will find options perfect for you. Online study, distance learning, modular courses and traditional campus based study are all effective methods to make your educational dreams a reality.

Whichever way you decide is best, high quality instructors will guide you through course materials and give you personal assistance to give you a grounded understanding of the aspect of criminal justice that will benefit you. Course selections include: history of the correctional system, psychology of the offender, behavior modification techniques, juvenile delinquency, criminology, police systems, criminal law and ethics in criminal justice to name just a few.

Your motivation is strong. Obstacles are few. Take the step of education to make your goals a reality. Enroll in the criminal justice courses of your choice today.

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