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In an academic context, the Association for Computing Machinery defines IT as "undergraduate degree programs that prepare students to meet the computer technology needs of business, government, healthcare, schools, and other kinds of organizations .... IT specialists assume responsibility for selecting hardware and software products appropriate for an organization, integrating those products with organizational needs and infrastructure, and installing, customizing, and maintaining those applications for the organization’s computer users."

In a business context, the Information Technology Association of America has defined information technology as "the study, design, development, application, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems". The responsibilities of those working in the field include network administration, software development and installation, and the planning and management of an organization's technology life cycle, by which hardware and software are maintained, upgraded and replaced.

The business value of information technology lies in the automation of business processes, provision of information for decision making, connecting businesses with their customers, and the provision of productivity tools to increase efficiency.

Information technology (IT) is the use of computers to store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data,[1] or information, often in the context of a business or other enterprise. IT is considered to be a subset of information and communications technology (ICT). An information technology system (IT system) is generally an information system, a communications system or, more specifically speaking, a computer system – including all hardware, software and peripheral equipment – operated by a limited group of users.

Electronic system level (ESL) design and verification is an electronic design methodology, focused on higher abstraction level concerns. The term Electronic System Level or ESL Design was first defined by Gartner Dataquest, an EDA-industry-analysis firm, on February 1, 2001. It is defined in ESL Design and Verification as: "the utilization of appropriate abstractions in order to increase comprehension about a system, and to enhance the probability of a successful implementation of functionality in a cost-effective manner."

The basic premise is to model the behavior of the entire system using a high-level language such as C, C++, or using graphical "model-based" design tools. Newer languages are emerging that enable the creation of a model at a higher level of abstraction including general purpose system design languages like SysML as well as those that are specific to embedded system design like SMDL and SSDL. Rapid and correct-by-construction implementation of the system can be automated using EDA tools such as high-level synthesis and embedded software tools, although much of it is performed manually today. ESL can also be accomplished through the use of SystemC as an abstract modeling language.

Electronic System Level is an established approach at many of the world’s leading System-on-a-chip (SoC) design companies, and is being used increasingly in system design. From its genesis as an algorithm modeling methodology with ‘no links to implementation’, ESL is evolving into a set of complementary methodologies that enable embedded system design, verification, and debugging through to the hardware and software implementation of custom SoC, system-on-FPGA, system-on board, and entire multi-board systems.

Design and verification are two distinct disciplines within this methodology. Some practices are to keep the two elements separate, while others advocate for closer integration between design and verification.

Minnesota (/ˌmɪnɪˈsoʊtə/ (listen)) is a state in the Upper Midwest, Great Lakes, and northern regions of the United States. Minnesota was admitted as the 32nd U.S. state on May 11, 1858, created from the eastern half of the Minnesota Territory. The state has a large number of lakes, and is known by the slogan the "Land of 10,000 Lakes". Its official motto is L'Étoile du Nord (French: Star of the North).

Minnesota is the 12th largest in area and the 22nd most populous of the U.S. states; nearly 60% of its residents live in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area (known as the "Twin Cities"). This area is the center of transportation, business, industry, education, and government, while being home to an internationally known arts community. The remainder of the state consists of western prairies now given over to intensive agriculture; deciduous forests in the southeast, now partially cleared, farmed, and settled; and the less populated North Woods, used for mining, forestry, and recreation.

Minnesota was inhabited by various indigenous peoples for thousands of years prior to the arrival of Europeans. French explorers, missionaries, and fur traders began exploring the region in the 17th century, encountering the Dakota and Ojibwe/Anishinaabe tribes. Much of what is today Minnesota was part of the vast French holding of Louisiana, which was purchased by the United States in 1803. Following several territorial reorganizations, Minnesota in its current form was admitted as the country's 32nd state on May 11, 1858. Like many Midwestern states, it remained sparsely populated and centered on lumber and agriculture. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, a large number of European immigrants, mainly from Scandinavia and Germany, began to settle the state, which remains a center of Scandinavian American and German American culture.

In recent decades, immigration from Asia, the Horn of Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America has broadened its demographic and cultural composition. The state's economy has heavily diversified, shifting from traditional activities such as agriculture and resource extraction to services and finance. Minnesota's standard of living index is among the highest in the United States, and the state is also among the best-educated and wealthiest in the nation.[6]

State of Minnesota
Flag Seal
Nickname(s): Land of 10,000 Lakes; North Star State; The Gopher State; Agate State; True North; State of Hockey; Canada in the US.
Motto(s): L'Étoile du Nord (French: The Star of the North)
State song(s): "Hail! Minnesota"
Demonym	Minnesotan
Capital	Saint Paul
Largest city	Minneapolis
Largest metro	Minneapolis–Saint Paul
Area	Ranked 12th
• Total	86,936 sq mi (225,163 km2)
• Width	c. 200–351 miles (c. 320–560 km)
• Length	c. 600 miles (c. 800 km)
• % water	8.40
• Latitude	43° 30′ N to 49° 23′ N
• Longitude	89° 29′ W to 97° 14′ W
Population	Ranked 22nd
• Total	5,679,718 (2018)[1]
• Density	68.9/sq mi  (26.6/km2) Ranked 30th (2015 est.)
Elevation
• Highest point	Eagle Mountain[2][3] 2,301 ft (701 m)
• Mean	1,200 ft  (370 m)
• Lowest point	Lake Superior[2][3] 602[4] ft (183 m)
Before statehood	Minnesota Territory
Admitted to the Union	May 11, 1858 (32nd)
Governor	Tim Walz (DFL)
Lieutenant Governor	Peggy Flanagan (DFL)
Legislature	Minnesota Legislature
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
U.S. Senators	Amy Klobuchar (DFL) Tina Smith (DFL)
U.S. House delegation	5 Democrats 3 Republicans (list)
Time zone	Central: UTC −6/−5
ISO 3166	US-MN
Abbreviations	MN, Minn.
Website	mn.gov

Once primarily a producer of raw materials, Minnesota's economy has transformed to emphasize finished products and services. Perhaps the most significant characteristic of the economy is its diversity; the relative outputs of its business sectors closely match the United States as a whole.[77] The economy of Minnesota had a gross domestic product of $262 billion in 2008.[78] In 2008, thirty-three of the United States' top 1,000 publicly traded companies (by revenue) were headquartered in Minnesota,[79] including Target, UnitedHealth Group, 3M, General Mills, U.S. Bancorp, Ameriprise, Hormel, Land O' Lakes, SuperValu, Best Buy, and Valspar. Private companies based in Minnesota include Cargill, the largest privately owned company in the United States,[80] and Carlson Companies, the parent company of Radisson Hotels.[81]

The per capita personal income in 2008 was $42,772, the tenth-highest in the nation.[82] The three-year median household income from 2002 to 2004 was $55,914, ranking fifth in the U.S. and first among the 36 states not on the Atlantic coast.[83]

As of December 2018, the state's unemployment rate was 2.8 percent.[84]

Minnesota produces ethanol fuel and is the first to mandate its use, a ten percent mix (E10).[90] In 2019, there were more than 411 service stations supplying E85 fuel, comprising 85 percent ethanol and 15 percent gasoline.[91] A two percent biodiesel blend has been required in diesel fuel since 2005. Minnesota is ranked in the top ten for wind energy production. The state gets nearly one fifth of all its electrical energy from wind.[92]

One of the Minnesota Legislature's first acts when it opened in 1858 was the creation of a normal school in Winona. Minnesota's commitment to education has contributed to a literate and well-educated populace. In 2009, according to the U.S. Census Bureau, Minnesota had the second-highest proportion of high school graduates, with 91.5% of people 25 and older holding a diploma, and the tenth-highest proportion of people with bachelor's degrees.[114] In 2015, Minneapolis was named the nation's "Most Literate City", while St. Paul placed fourth, according to a major annual survey.[115] In a 2013 study conducted by the National Center for Educational Statistics comparing the performance of eighth-grade students internationally in math and science, Minnesota ranked eighth in the world and third in the United States, behind Massachusetts and Vermont.[116] In 2014, Minnesota students earned the tenth-highest average composite score in the nation on the ACT exam.[117] In 2013, nationwide in per-student public education spending, Minnesota ranked 21st.[118] While Minnesota has chosen not to implement school vouchers,[119] it is home to the first charter school.[120]

The state supports a network of public universities and colleges, including 37 institutions in the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities System, and five major campuses of the University of Minnesota system. It is also home to more than 20 private colleges and universities, six of which rank among the nation's top 100 liberal arts colleges, according to U.S. News & World Report.[121]

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Code	Concentration	More Info
CA/ES	Digital Electronics and Computer Technology
School: Brown College Program: In the Digital Electronics and Computer Technology Certificate, students are prepared for entry-level positions in many major fields of electronics such as computers, communications, medical, audio systems, mailing systems and aviation. Students are trained to diagnose and repair failed equipment, learn surface mount soldering and learn the ability to develop routine maintenance procedures to eliminate unnecessary repairs. Even as the field of electronics becomes carefully designed and technically perfected, there will still be equipment failures requiring services of well-trained technicians. These technicians must have the knowledge, attitudes and skills necessary to create a methodical plan of action to remedy electronic equipment problems. The Electronics & Computer Technology curriculum prepares students for entry-level positions in all aspects of the electronics and computer industry. :: Concentration: Electronic Systems :: Campus    ::  Location: Minneapolis, MN ::  more info

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Code	Concentration	More Info
CA/ES	PC/Lan
School: Brown College Program: The Personal Computers/Local Area Networks program at Brown College is designed to provide the knowledge, skills, and experience required to perform entry-level tasks in IBM compatible and Macintosh personal computer set-up, configuration, upgrades, diagnosis, and repair. :: Concentration: Electronic Systems :: Campus    ::  Location: Minneapolis, MN ::  more info

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School Description

electronic systems

Minnesota Listing

The program in Electronics Engineering Technology is designed to prepare you with skills necessary to advance into management opportunities in a technical field.

The combination of management and general education courses in the program helps you apply skills in generate management, critical thinking, logic, communication, and problem solving to management challenges in a technical environment.

The program helps prepares you for supervisory roles in the Electronics industry.

The program will teach you to:

• Describe computer network concepts and implement common network operating systems and topologies.
• Write computer programs using C++ programming language.
• Conduct circuit analysis.
• Develop control systems to control industrial processes using sensors, controllers and control loops.
• Operate and calibrate commonly used test equipment such as oscilloscopes, multimeters and function generators.

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