Get Your Degree Online!

:: Web Design & Engineering

The visual arts are art forms such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture, printmaking, design, crafts, photography, video, filmmaking, and architecture. Many artistic disciplines (performing arts, conceptual art, textile arts) involve aspects of the visual arts as well as arts of other types. Also included within the visual arts are the applied arts such as industrial design, graphic design, fashion design, interior design and decorative art.

Current usage of the term "visual arts" includes fine art as well as the applied, decorative arts and crafts, but this was not always the case. Before the Arts and Crafts Movement in Britain and elsewhere at the turn of the 20th century, the term 'artist' was often restricted to a person working in the fine arts (such as painting, sculpture, or printmaking) and not the handicraft, craft, or applied art media. The distinction was emphasized by artists of the Arts and Crafts Movement, who valued vernacular art forms as much as high forms. Art schools made a distinction between the fine arts and the crafts, maintaining that a craftsperson could not be considered a practitioner of the arts.

Today, the term design is widely associated with the applied arts as initiated by Raymond Loewy and teachings at the Bauhaus and Ulm School of Design (HfG Ulm) in Germany during the 20th century.

The boundaries between art and design are blurred, largely due to a range of applications both for the term 'art' and the term 'design'. Applied arts has been used as an umbrella term to define fields of industrial design, graphic design, fashion design, etc. The term 'decorative arts' is a traditional term used in historical discourses to describe craft objects, and also sits within the umbrella of applied arts. In graphic arts (2D image making that ranges from photography to illustration), the distinction is often made between fine art and commercial art, based on the context within which the work is produced and how it is traded.

To a degree, some methods for creating work, such as employing intuition, are shared across the disciplines within the applied arts and fine art.

A graphic designer is a professional within the graphic design and graphic arts industry who assembles together images, typography, or motion graphics to create a piece of design. A graphic designer creates the graphics primarily for published, printed or electronic media, such as brochures (sometimes) and advertising. They are also sometimes responsible for typesetting, illustration, user interfaces, and web design. A core responsibility of the designer's job is to present information in a way that is both accessible and memorable.

A Bachelor's degree or certificate from an accredited trade school is usually considered essential for a graphic design position. After a career history has been established, though, the graphic designer's experience and number of years in the business are considered the primary qualifications. A portfolio, which is the primary method for demonstrating these qualifications, is usually required to be shown at job interviews, and is constantly developed throughout a designer's career.

One can obtain an AAS, BA, BFA, BCA, MFA or an MPhil / PhD in graphic design. Degree programs available vary depending upon the institution, although typical U.S. graphic design jobs may require at least some form of degree.

California Institute of the Arts
Program in Graphic Design

Maine College of Art
Undergraduate program in Graphic Design (BFA)

Massachusetts College of Art & Design
Graphic Design undergraduate program (BFA)

Parsons School of Design, New York
Undergraduate Type Design

Portland State University
Intro Level Type Design Course

Pratt Institute
School of Art and Design

Rhode Island School of Design
1 Undergraduate and Masters Introduction to Type Design course

Savannah College of Art and Design
1 type face design undergraduate, 3 graduate level typeface design classes and 1 typeface marketing

School of Visual Arts (SVA), New York
Continuing Education course in Type Design

The Art Institute of California – Orange County (AiOC), California
1 Undergraduate advanced typography course

University of Washington School of Art
The Visual Communication Design Program

Yale School of Art
Letterform/Type Design

California College of the Arts
One class on typeface design, offered as an investigative studio in junior year

Type West at Letterform Archive
A year-long postgraduate certificate in typeface design grounded in the Letterform Archive collection of over 50,000 specimens from type and design history

Web engineering focuses on the methodologies, techniques, and tools that are the foundation of Web application development and which support their design, development, evolution, and evaluation. Web application development has certain characteristics that make it different from traditional software, information system, or computer application development.

Web engineering is multidisciplinary and encompasses contributions from diverse areas: systems analysis and design, software engineering, hypermedia/hypertext engineering, requirements engineering, human-computer interaction, user interface, information engineering, information indexing and retrieval, testing, modelling and simulation, project management, and graphic design and presentation. Web engineering is neither a clone nor a subset of software engineering, although both involve programming and software development. While Web Engineering uses software engineering principles, it encompasses new approaches, methodologies, tools, techniques, and guidelines to meet the unique requirements of Web-based applications.

Illinois (/ˌɪlɪˈnɔɪ/ (listen) IL-ih-NOY) is a state in the Midwestern and Great Lakes region of the United States. It has the fifth largest gross domestic product (GDP), the sixth largest population, and the 25th largest land area of all U.S. states. Illinois is often noted as a microcosm of the entire United States.[6] With Chicago in northeastern Illinois, small industrial cities and immense agricultural productivity in the north and center of the state, and natural resources such as coal, timber, and petroleum in the south, Illinois has a diverse economic base, and is a major transportation hub. Chicagoland, Chicago's metropolitan area, encompasses over 65% of the state's population. The Port of Chicago connects the state to international ports via two main routes: from the Great Lakes, via the Saint Lawrence Seaway, to the Atlantic Ocean and from the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River, via the Illinois Waterway to the Illinois River. The Mississippi River, the Ohio River, and the Wabash River form parts of the boundaries of Illinois. For decades, Chicago's O'Hare International Airport has been ranked as one of the world's busiest airports. Illinois has long had a reputation as a bellwether both in social and cultural terms[6] and, through the 1980s, in politics.

State of Illinois
Flag Seal
Nickname(s): Land of Lincoln, Prairie State
Motto(s): State Sovereignty, National Union
State song(s): "Illinois"
Official language	English[1]
Spoken languages	English (80.8%) Spanish (14.9%) Other (5.1%)
Demonym	Illinoisan
Capital	Springfield
Largest city	Chicago
Largest metro	Greater Chicago
Area	Ranked 25th
• Total	57,914 sq mi (149,997 km2)
• Width	210 miles (338 km)
• Length	390 miles (628 km)
• % water	3.99
• Latitude	36° 58′ N to 42° 30′ N
• Longitude	87° 30′ W to 91° 31′ W
Population	Ranked 6th
• Total	12,741,080 (2018)
• Density	232/sq mi  (89.4/km2) Ranked 12th
• Median household income	$62,992 (2017) [2] (17th)
Elevation
• Highest point	Charles Mound[3][4][5] 1,235 ft (376.4 m)
• Mean	600 ft  (180 m)
• Lowest point	Confluence of Mississippi River and Ohio River[4][5] 280 ft (85 m)
Before statehood	Illinois Territory
Admitted to the Union	December 3, 1818 (21st)
Governor	J. B. Pritzker (D)
Lieutenant Governor	Juliana Stratton (D)
Legislature	Illinois General Assembly
• Upper house	Senate
• Lower house	House of Representatives
U.S. Senators	Dick Durbin (D) Tammy Duckworth (D)
U.S. House delegation	13 Democrats 5 Republicans (list)
Time zone	Central: UTC -6/-5
ISO 3166	US-IL
Abbreviations	IL, Ill.
Website	www2.illinois.gov

Illinois state symbols
The Flag of Illinois
The Seal of Illinois
Living insignia
Amphibian	Eastern tiger salamander
Bird	Northern cardinal
Butterfly	Monarch butterfly
Fish	Bluegill
Flower	Violet
Grass	Big bluestem
Mammal	White-tailed deer
Reptile	Painted turtle
Tree	White oak
Inanimate insignia
Dance	Square dance
Food	Gold Rush Apple, popcorn
Fossil	Tully monster
Mineral	Fluorite
Slogan	"Land of Lincoln"
Soil	Drummer silty clay loam
State route marker
State quarter
Released in 2003
Lists of United States state symbols

The capital of Illinois is Springfield, which is located in the central part of the state. Although today's Illinois' largest population center is in its northeast, the state's European population grew first in the west as the French settled the vast Mississippi of the Illinois Country of New France. Following the American Revolutionary War, American settlers began arriving from Kentucky in the 1780s via the Ohio River, and the population grew from south to north. In 1818, Illinois achieved statehood. Following increased commercial activity in the Great Lakes after the construction of the Erie Canal, Chicago was founded in the 1830s on the banks of the Chicago River at one of the few natural harbors on the southern section of Lake Michigan.[7] John Deere's invention of the self-scouring steel plow turned Illinois's rich prairie into some of the world's most productive and valuable farmland, attracting immigrant farmers from Germany and Sweden. The Illinois and Michigan Canal (1848) made transportation between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River valley faster and cheaper, and new railroads carried immigrants to new homes in the country's west and shipped commodity crops to the nation's east. The state became a transportation hub for the nation.[8]

By 1900, the growth of industrial jobs in the northern cities and coal mining in the central and southern areas attracted immigrants from Eastern and Southern Europe. Illinois was an important manufacturing center during both world wars. The Great Migration from the South established a large community of African Americans in the state, including Chicago, who founded the city's famous jazz and blues cultures.[9][10] Chicago, the center of the Chicago Metropolitan Area, is now recognized as a global alpha-level city.

Three U.S. presidents have been elected while living in Illinois: Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant, and Barack Obama. Additionally, Ronald Reagan, whose political career was based in California, was born and raised in the state. Today, Illinois honors Lincoln with its official state slogan Land of Lincoln, which has been displayed on its license plates since 1954.[11][12] The state is the site of the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum in Springfield and the future home of the Barack Obama Presidential Center in Chicago.

The economy of Illinois is the fifth largest by GDP in the United States and one of the most diversified economies in the world.[9] The Chicago metropolitan area is home to many

of the United States' largest companies, including Allstate, Boeing, Caterpillar, Kraft Heinz, McDonald's, Motorola, United Airlines, Walgreens, and more. The Chicago area headquarters a wide variety of financial institutions, and is home to the largest futures exchange in the world, the Chicago Mercantile Exchange.

Economy of Illinois

Chicago Board of Trade building
Statistics
GDP	$822,540 million (2017) [1]
GDP per capita	$64,330 (2017) [2]
Population below poverty line	12.2%[3]
Gini coefficient	0.469[4]
Labour force	6,488,200 (May 2015) [5]
Unemployment	4.3% (Feb. 2019) [6]
Public finances
Revenues	$29,761.862 million[7]
Expenses	$19,831 million[8]

The 2018 total gross state product for Illinois was $857 billion, placing it fifth in the nation. The 2015 median household income was $59,588.[10] In 2016, the nine counties of the Chicago metropolitan area accounted for 77.3% of the state's total wages, with the remaining 93 counties at 22.7%.[11] The state's industrial outputs include machinery, food processing, electrical equipment, chemical products, publishing, fabricated metal products and transportation equipment. Corn and soybeans are important agricultural products. Service industries of note are financial trading, higher education, logistics, and medicine.

The Institute of Government and Public Affairs at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign publishes a "flash-index" that aims to measure expected economic growth in Illinois. The indicators used are corporate earnings, consumer spending and personal income. These indicators are measured through tax receipts, adjusted for inflation. 100 is the base, so a number above 100 represents growth in the Illinois economy, and a number below 100 represents a shrinking economy.[25] Data from the index, from 6/1981 to the present, can be found here.

Using the criterion established by the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, there are eleven "National Universities" in the state. As of 19 August 2010, six of these rank in the "first tier" (that is, the top quartile) among the top 500 National Universities in the United States, as determined by the U.S. News & World Report rankings: the University of Chicago (4), Northwestern University (12), the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign (41), Loyola University Chicago (89), the Illinois Institute of Technology (108), DePaul University (123), University of Illinois at Chicago (129), Illinois State University (149), Southern Illinois University Carbondale (153), and Northern Illinois University (194).[158]

The University of Chicago is continuously ranked as one of the world's top ten universities on various independent university rankings, and its Booth School of Business, along with Northwestern's Kellogg School of Management consistently rank within the top 5 graduate business schools in the country and top 10 globally. The University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign is often ranked among the best engineering schools in the world and in United States.

Illinois also has more than 20 additional accredited four-year universities, both public and private, and dozens of small liberal arts colleges across the state. Additionally, Illinois supports 49 public community colleges in the Illinois Community College System.

• "(5 ILCS 460/20) (from Ch. 1, par. 2901‑20) State Designations Act". Illinois Compiled Statutes. Springfield, Illinois: Illinois General Assembly. September 4, 1991. Retrieved April 10, 2009. Sec. 20. Official language. The official language of the State of Illinois is English.

• "Median Annual Household Income". The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. Retrieved December 9, 2016.

• "Charles". NGS data sheet. U.S. National Geodetic Survey. Retrieved October 20, 2011.

• "Elevations and Distances in the United States". United States Geological Survey. 2001. Archived from the original on November 2, 2011. Retrieved October 21, 2011.

• Elevation adjusted to North American Vertical Datum of 1988.

• Ohlemacher, Stephen (May 17, 2007). "Analysis ranks Illinois most average state". Carbondale, Illinois: The Southern Illinoisan. Associated Press. Retrieved April 10, 2009.

• "Page Not Found - Chicago Public Library". May 16, 2008. Archived from the original on May 16, 2008.

• Ryburn-LaMonte, Terri (1999). "The Historical Development of Transportation in Illinois". Illinois Periodicals Online.

• "Jazz". Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved May 19, 2012.

• "Blues". Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved May 19, 2012.

• "The History of Illinois License Plates". Cyberdriveillinois.com. Retrieved February 15, 2012.

• "Slogan". Museum.state.il.us. Retrieved February 7, 2011.

• "Archived copy". Archived from the original on June 23, 2010. Retrieved October 23, 2009.

• Hodge, Frederick Webb (1911). Handbook of American Indians north of Mexico, Volume 1. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology. p. 597. OCLC 26478613.

• Stewart, George R. (1967) [1945]. Names on the Land: A Historical Account of Place-Naming in the United States (Sentry (3rd) ed.). Houghton Mifflin.

• "Illinois Symbols". State of Illinois. Archived from the original on April 15, 2006. Retrieved April 20, 2006.

• Callary, Edward (2008). Place Names of Illinois. University of Illinois Press. p. 169. ISBN 978-0-252-03356-8.

• Costa, David J. (January 2007). "Three American Placenames: Illinois" (PDF). Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas Newsletter. 25 (4): 9–12. ISSN 1046-4476. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 16, 2011. Retrieved May 29, 2011.

• Timothy R., Pauketat (2009). Cahokia : Ancient Americas Great City on the Mississippi. Viking Press. pp. 23–34. ISBN 978-0-670-02090-4. Pg 23 "Cahokia was so large-covering three to five square miles-that archaeologists have yet to probe many portions of it. Its centerpiece was an open fifty-acre Grand Plaza, surrounded by packed-clay pyramids. The size of thirty-five football fields, the Grand Plaza was at the time the biggest public space ever conceived and executed north of Mexico."...Pg 34 "a flat public square 1,600-plus feet in length and 900-plus feet in width

• Skele, Mike (1988). The Great Knob. Studies in Illinois Archaeology. ISBN 978-0-942579-03-1.

• Snow, Dean (2010). Archaeology of Native North Americas. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. pp. 201–203.

• Nash, Gary B. Red, White and Black: The Peoples of Early North America Los Angeles 2015. Chapter 1, p. 6

• Austin Alchon, Suzanne (2003). A pest in the land: new world epidemics in a global perspective. University of New Mexico Press. p. 59. ISBN 978-0-8263-2871-7.

• E. Hoxie, Encyclopedia of North American Indians (1996) 266-7, 506

• Nelson, Ronald E., ed. (1978). Illinois: Land and Life in the Prairie State. Dubuque, Iowa: Kendall/Hunt. ISBN 978-0-8403-1831-2.

• "Native Americans:American Indian Tribes of Illinois". Museum.state.il.us. October 2, 2002. Retrieved February 27, 2016.

• de L'Isle, Guillaume (1718). "Carte de la Louisiane et du Cours du Mississipi. 1718". An Exhibition of Maps and Navigational Instruments on View. Tracy W. McGregor Room, Alderman Library: University of Virginia. Retrieved January 25, 2010.

• Biles, Roger (2005). Illinois: A History of the Land and its People. DeKalb: Northern Illinois University Press. ISBN 978-0-87580-349-4.

• "Full Remarks from Dave M". Sancohis.org. March 16, 2010. Retrieved February 7, 2011. [dead link]

• "Abraham Lincoln and Springfield – Abraham Lincoln's Classroom". Abrahamlincolnsclassroom.org. Retrieved February 7, 2011.

• "The other Illinois: How Egypt lost its clout – Chicago Tribune". Articles.chicagotribune.com. June 24, 2001. Retrieved April 29, 2012.

• "Southern Illinois Backroads Tourism: In Little Egypt it means bluffs, Superman, even scuba diving " Evansville Courier & Press". Courierpress.com. Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved April 29, 2012.

• Paul Finkelman, Slavery and the Founders: Race and Liberty in the Age of Jefferson, (2001), p. 78

• James Pickett Jones, Black Jack: John A. Logan and Southern Illinois in the Civil War Era 1967 ISBN 0-8093-2002-9.

• Duff, Judge Andrew D. Egypt – Republished, Springhouse Magazine, accessed May 1, 2006.

• "Black Hawk War". Encyclopedia of Chicago. Retrieved August 10, 2012.

• Lewis, James. "The Black Hawk War of 1832". Abraham Lincoln Historical Digitization Project. Retrieved August 10, 2012.

• Norbury, Frank (Spring 1999). "Dorothea Dix and the Founding of Illinois' First Mental Hospital". Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society. 92 (1): 13–29. JSTOR 40193299.

• "Illinois Infantry, Cavalry, and Artillery Units", Illinois in the Civil War, Retrieved November 26, 2006

• Roland Tweet, Miss Gale's Books: The Beginnings of the Rock Island Public Library, (Rock Island, IL: Rock Island Public Library, 1997), 15.

• "Illinois – Race and Hispanic Origin: 1800 to 1990". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 25, 2008.

• Peck, Merton J. & Scherer, Frederic M. The Weapons Acquisition Process: An Economic Analysis (1962) Harvard Business School p.111

• "ComEd and Electricity Related Messages for Economic Development" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 8, 2011. Retrieved February 7, 2011.

• "Home | ComEd – An Exelon Company" (PDF). ComEd. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 14, 2013. Retrieved February 27, 2016.

• Painter, George (August 10, 2004). "The History of Sodomy Laws in the United States: Illinois". The Sensibilities of Our Forefathers. Gay & Lesbian Archives of the Pacific Northwest. Retrieved January 12, 2012.

• Wikisource. Illinois Constitution of 1818.

• Services, Eastern Region Geography, Information. "Elevations and Distances". egsc.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2018-11-22.

• Horsley, A. Doyne (1986). Illinois: A Geography. Boulder: Westview Press. ISBN 978-0-86531-522-8.

• Illinois State Climatologist Office Archived February 7, 2006, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 22, 2006.

• NWS Chicago, IL (November 2, 2005). "Public Information Statement". Retrieved January 15, 2010.

• "State Climate Extremes Committee (SCEC)". National Centers for Environmental Information. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2019-03-01.

• Hilyard, Scott (2019-02-28). "Congerville about to lose its extreme cold state record". PJStar.com. Peoria, Illinois. Retrieved 2019-03-01.

• Weather Underground (January 15, 2009). "Weather History for Rochelle, IL". Retrieved January 2, 2014.

• "US National Weather Service Central Illinois". Facebook. Retrieved 2019-01-31.

• "Annual average number of tornadoes, 1953–2004", NOAA National Climatic Data Center. Retrieved October 24, 2006.

• PAH Webmaster (November 2, 2005). "NWS Paducah, KY: NOAA/NWS 1925 Tri-State Tornado Web Site – General Information". Retrieved November 16, 2006.

• "Average Weather for Cairo, IL Archived July 10, 2014, at the Wayback Machine", weather.com

• "Chicago Weather Archived May 24, 2008, at the Wayback Machine", ustravelweather.com

• "Average Weather for Edwardsville, IL – Temperature and Precipitation". Weather.com. January 17, 2007. Archived from the original on May 16, 2012. Retrieved May 19, 2012.

• "Moline Weather Archived May 24, 2008, at the Wayback Machine", ustravelweather.com

• "Peoria Weather Archived May 24, 2008, at the Wayback Machine", ustravelweather.com

• "Rockford Weather Archived May 24, 2008, at the Wayback Machine", ustravelweather.com

• "Springfield Weather Archived May 24, 2008, at the Wayback Machine", ustravelweather.com

• "Resident Population Data – 2010 Census". 2010.census.gov. Retrieved December 20, 2016. [dead link]

• "QuickFacts Illinois; UNITED STATES". 2018 Population Estimates. United States Census Bureau, Population Division. January 10, 2019. Retrieved January 10, 2019.

• "Illinois population falls for fifth straight year with decline of 45,000". December 20, 2018.

• "B02001 RACE: Total population - Illinois - 2017 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. July 1, 2017. Retrieved October 11, 2018.

• "B03002 HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY RACE - Illinois - 2017 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates". U.S. Census Bureau. July 1, 2017. Retrieved October 11, 2018.

• Berg, Austin (December 20, 2017). "Census: Illinois loses title of 5th-largest state to Pennsylvania". Illinois Policy. Retrieved December 20, 2017.

• Illinois QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau Archived April 1, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. Quickfacts.census.gov. Retrieved on July 21, 2013.

• "Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals By Race, 1790 to 1990, and By Hispanic Origin, 1970 to 1990, For The United States, Regions, Divisions, and States". Census.gov. July 25, 2008. Archived from the original on July 25, 2008. Retrieved September 4, 2017.

• "Population of Illinois: Census 2010 and 2000 Interactive Map, Demographics, Statistics, Quick Facts".

• "2010 Census Data". Census.gov. Retrieved September 4, 2017.

• "Illinois QuickFacts". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on April 1, 2009.

• Exner, Rich (June 3, 2012). "Americans under age 1 now mostly minorities, but not in Ohio: Statistical Snapshot". The Plain Dealer.

• "Illinois Selected Social Characteristics in the United States: 2007". 2007 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates. U.S. Census Bureau. 2007. Archived from the original on January 19, 2009. Retrieved April 9, 2009.

• "Illinois QuickFacts". U.S. Census Bureau. February 20, 2009. Archived from the original on April 1, 2009. Retrieved April 9, 2009.

• "Population and Population Centroid by State: 2000". American Congress on Surveying & Mapping. 2008. Archived from the original on October 20, 2001. Retrieved April 9, 2009.

• "Births: Final Data for 2013" (PDF). Cdc.gov. Retrieved 4 September 2017.

• "Births: Final Data for 2014" (PDF). Cdc.gov. Retrieved 4 September 2017.

• "Births: Final Data for 2015" (PDF). Cdc.gov. Retrieved 4 September 2017.

• https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_01.pdf

• https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr67/nvsr67_08-508.pdf

• "Table 1: Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places Over 100,000, Ranked by July 1, 2008 Population: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2008 (SUB-EST2008-01)". 2008 Population Estimates. Population Division, United States Census Bureau. July 1, 2009. Archived from the original on July 18, 2009. Retrieved July 3, 2009.

• "State Designations Act, Illinois Compiled Statutes". Retrieved October 9, 2014.

• Ryan, Camille (August 2013). "Language Use in the United States: American Community Survey Reports" (PDF). Census.gov. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 5, 2016. Retrieved March 30, 2014.

• "Illinois". Modern Language Association. Archived from the original on June 19, 2006. Retrieved October 9, 2014.

• NW, 1615 L. St; Washington, Suite 800; Inquiries, DC 20036 USA202-419-4300 | Main202-419-4349 | Fax202-419-4372 | Media. "Religion in America: U.S. Religious Data, Demographics and Statistics | Pew Research Center".

• "Roman Catholicism percentage of Catholics statistics – states compared – People data on StateMaster". Statemaster.com. May 15, 2012. Retrieved May 19, 2012.

• "Newsroom – The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints". Newsroom.lds.org. Archived from the original on August 25, 2010. Retrieved February 7, 2011.

• "The Association of Religion Data Archives | County Membership Report". www.thearda.com. Retrieved November 12, 2013.

• "The Association of Religion Data Archives | State Membership Report". www.thearda.com. Retrieved November 12, 2013.

• Barooah, Jahnabi (June 27, 2012). "PHOTOS: Most And Least Muslim States In America". Huffington Post.

• "The Bahá'í House of Worship". Bahá'ís of the United States. Retrieved March 6, 2019.

• [1]

• "GDP by State". Greyhill Advisors. Retrieved September 16, 2011.

• "Table 2. Annual Personal Income and Per Capita Personal Income by State and Region" (PDF). Survey of Current Business – Bureau of Economic Analysis. U.S. Department of Commerce. April 2010. Retrieved April 24, 2010.

• "Moody's sees reason for optimism over Illinois economy". Crain's Chicago Business. 18 February 2019. Retrieved 20 February 2019.

• Petrella, Dan. "Gov. J.B. Pritzker signs law raising Illinois' minimum wage to $15 an hour by 2025". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 20 February 2019.

• Pierog, Karen (January 12, 2011). "Illinois lawmakers pass big tax hike to aid budget". Reuters. Retrieved February 7, 2011.

• Illinois Department of Revenue. Individual Income Tax Archived September 23, 2006, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved January 30, 2011.

• Illinois Department of Revenue. Illinois Sales Tax Reference Manual (PDF) Archived May 27, 2008, at the Wayback Machine. p133. January 1, 2006.

• Walczak, Jared. "Sales Tax Rates in Major Cities, Midyear 2017". Taxfoundation.org. Tax Foundation. Retrieved 31 March 2019.

• Kiernan, John S. "2019's Property Taxes by State". wallethub. Evolution Finance, Inc. Retrieved 31 March 2019.

• "Most Expensive Toll Roads in the United States". ezfreightfactoring.com. EZ Freight Factoring. Retrieved 31 March 2019.

• Stebbins, Samuel. "How much gas tax adds to cost of filling up your car in every state". usatoday. 24/7 Wall Street. Retrieved 31 March 2019.

• "Soybean Production by State 2008". Soy Stats. The American Soybean Association. 2009. Archived from the original on September 13, 2012. Retrieved January 19, 2010.

• "Ethanol Fact Sheet". Illinois Corn Growers Association. 2010. Archived from the original on July 23, 2011. Retrieved January 18, 2010.

• "Illinois – State Energy Profile Overview – U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)". Eia.gov. March 19, 2015. Retrieved February 27, 2016.

• Facts About Illinois Agriculture, Illinois Department of Agriculture. Accessed online April 16, 2012

• "Meatpacking in Illinois History by Wilson J. Warren, Illinois History Teacher, 3:2, 2006. Access online April 16, 2012.

• Kathleen Walls. "Agri Trails". Americanroads.net. Retrieved February 27, 2016.

• "DCEO: Home" (PDF). Ildceo.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 12, 2013. Retrieved February 27, 2016.

• "Manufacturing in Illinois" (PDF). Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity. 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 29, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2010.

• Pradhan, Nitin (August 28, 2017). "Illinois — Want to be a Pioneer in Growing Companies, Jobs, and Competitiveness?". Medium. Retrieved September 4, 2017.

• "Illinois in the Global Energy Marketplace Archived May 17, 2008, at the Wayback Machine", Robert Finley, 2001. Illinois State Geological Survey publication.

• Illinois State Geological Survey. Coal in Illinois Archived May 30, 2012, at WebCite Retrieved December 4, 2008.

• "DCEO: Home" (PDF). Ildceo.net. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 29, 2013. Retrieved February 27, 2016.

• "Illinois Town Gives Up on Futurgen". Permianbasin360.com. August 12, 2010. Archived from the original on March 9, 2012. Retrieved April 29, 2012.

• United States Department of Energy. Petroleum Profile: Illinois Archived October 8, 2009, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved April 4, 2006.

• "Illinois – U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA)". Eia.gov. April 19, 2012. Retrieved April 29, 2012.

• "Nuclear State Profiles". Eia.gov. Retrieved April 29, 2012.

• "Illinois Nuclear Industry". U.S. Energy Information Administration. November 6, 2009. Archived from the original on November 9, 2004. Retrieved January 29, 2010.

• "Illinois Wind". Illinois Institute for Rural Affairs, Western Illinois University Illinoiswind.com Archived June 22, 2007, at the Wayback Machine

• "Illinois Wind Activities". EERE. U.S. Department of Energy. October 20, 2009. Archived from the original on February 9, 2010. Retrieved January 14, 2010.

• "U.S. Wind Energy Projects – Illinois". American Wind Energy Association. September 30, 2009. Archived from the original on January 5, 2010. Retrieved January 14, 2010.

• "Wind Power on the Illinois Horizon", Rob Kanter, September 14, 2006. University of Illinois Environmental Council.

• "Illinois Renewable Electricity Profile". U.S. Energy Information Administration. 2007. Archived from the original on May 27, 2008. Retrieved January 15, 2010.

• Olbert, Lori (December 13, 2007). "Wind Farm Conference Tackles Complicated Issue". CIProud.com. WYZZ-TV/WMBD-TV. Retrieved January 15, 2010. [dead link]

• "ILFRA". Illinoisrfa.org. Retrieved February 27, 2016.

• "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 6, 2013. Retrieved September 12, 2013.

• "BP Pledges $500 Million for Energy Biosciences Institute and Plans New Business to Exploit Research". Bp.com. June 14, 2006. Archived from the original on May 19, 2012. Retrieved May 19, 2012.

• "Gov. Blagojevich joins Gov. Schwarzenegger, top BP executives to celebrate launch of $500 million biosciences energy research partnership with University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, UC-Berkeley". Illinois.gov. February 1, 2007. Archived from the original on May 26, 2012. Retrieved May 19, 2012.

• Centerstage Chicago Archived July 8, 2008, at the Wayback Machine Retrieved on September 18, 2008

• Chicago Sinfonietta Website. Retrieved on November 7, 2008

• Mark McGuire Commentary (June 12, 2010). "Long look at Top 10 title droughts". Times Union. Retrieved February 7, 2011.

• "The Longest Running Title Droughts in Sports". Bleacher Report. June 10, 2010. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved February 7, 2011.

• "Chicago Red Stars History – Chicago Red Stars". Chicagoredstars.com. Retrieved February 27, 2016.

• "Illinois & Michigan Canal". National Park Service. Archived from the original on July 26, 2008. Retrieved July 15, 2008.

• "Illinois". National Park Service. Retrieved July 15, 2008.

• Decker, John F.; Kopacz, Christopher (2012). Illinois Criminal Law: A Survey of Crimes and Defenses (5th ed.). LexisNexis. § 1.01. ISBN 978-0-7698-5284-3.

• Smith, Lori L.; Barkley, Daniel C.; Cornwall, Daniel C.; Johnson, Eric W.; Malcomb, J. Louise (2003). Tapping State Government Information Sources. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 126. ISBN 978-1-57356-387-1. LCCN 2002044846.

• Uphoff, Judy Lee (2012). "The Governor and the Executive Branch". In Lind, Nancy S.; Rankin, Erik. Governing Illinois: Your Connection to State and Local Government (PDF) (4th ed.). Center Publications, Center for State Policy and Leadership, University of Illinois at Springfield. pp. 78–79. ISBN 978-0-938943-28-0. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 22, 2013.

• 20 ILCS 5

• Individual State Descriptions: 2007 (PDF), 2007 Census of Governments, United States Census Bureau, November 2012, pp. 89–97

• Census 2007, p. 89.

• Illinois Regional Archives Depository System. "Name Index to Illinois Local Governments". Illinois State Archives. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved November 11, 2013.

• Gove, Samuel Kimball; Nowlan, James Dunlap (1996). Illinois Politics & Government: The Expanding Metropolitan Frontier. Politics and Governments of the American States. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. pp. 155–156. ISBN 978-0-8032-7014-5. LCCN 95046017.

• McClelland, Edward (August 4, 2011). "Illinois: The Most Democratic State". NBC Chicago. Retrieved December 29, 2016.

• "Suburb shift turns state blue / The Christian Science Monitor". CSMonitor.com. July 16, 2004. Retrieved February 7, 2011.

• "Chicgao's [sic] dominance puts Illinois solidly in 'blue-state' America. – Chicago Tribune (Chicago, IL)". Highbeam.com. November 8, 2004. Archived from the original on August 27, 2011. Retrieved February 7, 2011.

• Pensoneau, Taylor (1997). Governor Richard Ogilvie: in the interest of the state. Southern Illinois University Press. p. 314. ISBN 978-0-8093-2148-3. Retrieved September 23, 2009.

• Gimpel, James G.; Jason E. Schuknecht (2004). Patchwork Nation: Sectionalism and Political Change in American Politics. University of Michigan Press. p. 488. ISBN 978-0-472-03030-9. Retrieved September 23, 2009.

• Meet the New Bellwether States: Ohio and Nevada – Smart Politics. Blog.lib.umn.edu. Retrieved on July 21, 2013.

• Illinois as a bellwether: So what?. Lib.niu.edu. Retrieved on July 21, 2013.

• Merriner, James L. (2004). Grafters and Goo Goos: corruption and reform in Chicago, 1833–2003. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press. ISBN 978-0-8093-2571-9. OCLC 52720998.

• "U.S. Senate: Art & History Home". Senate.gov. Retrieved February 7, 2011.

• "Best Colleges 2010 – National Universities Rankings". U.S. News & World Report. August 19, 2009. Retrieved May 31, 2016.

• "O'Hare International Airport Activity Statistics" (PDF). City of Chicago: FlyChicago.com. March 27, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 1, 2010. Retrieved April 10, 2009.

• "Midway Airport Activity Statistics" (PDF). FlyChicago.com. City of Chicago. January 30, 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 1, 2010. Retrieved April 10, 2009.

• "Interstates by State". Interstate-Guide. February 2, 2016. Retrieved February 27, 2016.

• "Poll: High taxes No. 1 reason Illinoisans consider leaving state". Illinois Policy. 2018-09-27. Retrieved 2018-10-05.

• "Total Gross Domestic Product for Illinois". stlouisfed.org. 11 May 2017. Retrieved 1 April 2018.

• "Per Capita Personal Income in Illinois". stlouisfed.org. 22 March 2018. Retrieved 1 April 2018.

• https://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/2011/ranks/rank34.html

• Bureau, U.S. Census. "American FactFinder - Search". factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved 1 April 2018.

• http://research.stlouisfed.org/fred2/data/ILLFN.txt

• Elejalde-Ruiz, Alexia. "Illinois' unemployment rate rises to 6.6 percent in April". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 1 April 2018.

• Eljalde Ruiz, Alexia (19 May 2016). "Illinois' unemployment rate rises to 6.6 percent in April". Chicago Tribune. https://www.census.gov/govs/statetax/1006costax.html

• http://nasbo.org/LinkClick.aspx?fileticket=w7RqO74llEw%3d&tabid=79

• "Chicago Economy". World Business Chicago. Retrieved 26 January 2019.

• "Illinois State Household Income - Department of Numbers". www.deptofnumbers.com. Retrieved 1 April 2018.

• Bieneman, Dave (September 2016). "2016 Illinois Economic Report" (PDF). Illinois Economic Report: 1–98. Retrieved 2 April 2018.

• "Facts About Illinois Agriculture". www2.illinois.gov. Retrieved 26 January 2019.

• http://www.agr.state.il.us/newsrels/r1022041.html Illinois Department of Agriculture

• "Matter of taste: Area in southern Illinois gets Shawnee Hills designation". Springfield, Ill. State Journal-Register. 2006-12-14. p. 21.

• "Illinois Manufacturing Facts". National Association of Manufacturers. Retrieved 26 January 2019.

• Illinois: A Descriptive and Historical Guide. US History Publishers. 1939. p. 84. ISBN 9781603540124.

• "Illinois Manufacturers Organize: They Will Protect Their Interests in the Female Labor Law". Chicago Daily Tribune. September 30, 1893.

• Sklar, Kathryn Kish (1995). Florence Kelley and the Nation's Work: The Rise of Women's Political Culture, 1830-1900. New Haven: Yale University Press. pp. 254–255. ISBN 9780300072853.

• Mayer, Levy (1913). Opinions rendered to the Illinois Manufacturers' Association from January 1, 1899, to January 1, 1907. Chicago, Ill.: Illinois Manufacturers' Association. p. 42.

• Manufacturing in Illinois. Illinois Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity.[1]

• "Renewable Energy". Illinois Environmental Council. Retrieved 26 January 2019.

• "Midwest common sense will drive clean energy shift, despite D.C." Crain's Chicago Business. 8 February 2017. Retrieved 26 January 2019.

• Briscoe, Tony. "Gov. J.B. Pritzker commits Illinois to climate change fight as study shows extreme weather convincing more people". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 26 January 2019.

• "The conundrum of Chicago's economy". Crain's Chicago Business. 3 March 2016. Retrieved 26 January 2019.

        School Description

Choose the education that's right for YOU!               

Code	Concentration	More Info
CA/BP	Advanced Web and Business Programming
School: The Chubb Institute and Banner Institute Program: The Chubb Institute and Banner Institute's (Not affiliated with the Chubb Group of Insurance Companies) Web Development & Business Programming curriculum prepares you to enter the job market with the knowledge and skills to design, write, implement, debug, enhance, and maintain business software applications on PC platforms. Additionally, you will develop an e-Commerce site. Our curriculum focuses on key areas such as: Object-Oriented Programming, Graphical User Interface (GUI) design, Relational Database processing using Structured Query Language (SQL), PC-based development tools, as well as an introduction to project management and effective communication skills. :: Concentration: Web Engineering :: Campus    ::  Location: Chicago, IL ::  more info     ::  Location: Villa Park, IL ::  more info

top

Code	Concentration	More Info
AA/BP	E-commerce - Associate Degree From The International Academy of Design and Technology Chicago
School: International Academy of Design & Technology Program: The Internet is transforming the world economy. E-Commerce will be the engine for the sustained growth of the worldwide economy in the years to come. The need for qualified workers in the E-Commerce infrastructure to assist brick and mortar companies in developing an Internet presence in the global marketplace is ever increasing. The E-Commerce program combines business theory and concepts with hands-on computer experience. The program provides the knowledge, skill sets and techniques necessary to enable a graduate to provide management solutions within organizations competing in a dynamic and emerging technological field. E-Commerce has grown to include the use of Internet technology for E-tailing, client services, customer database management and more. :: Concentration: Web Engineering :: Campus    ::  Location: Chicago, IL ::  more info

top

Code	Concentration	More Info
CA/WD	The Chubb Institute and Banner Institute Web Design
School: The Chubb Institute and Banner Institute Program: The Chubb Institute and Banner Institute's (Not affiliated with the Chubb Group of Insurance Companies) Web Design program teaches you the skills you need to jump into this fast-growing field, enabling you to design Web pages, maintain Web content, and develop Web graphics. :: Concentration: Web Engineering :: Campus    ::  Location: Chicago, IL ::  more info     ::  Location: Villa Park, IL ::  more info

top

Code	Concentration	More Info
CA/WD	The Chubb Institute and Banner Institute Web Development and Business Programming
School: The Chubb Institute and Banner Institute Program: The Chubb Institute and Banner Institute's (Not affiliated with the Chubb Group of Insurance Companies) Web Development & Business Programming curriculum prepares you to enter the job market with the knowledge and skills to design, write, implement, debug, enhance, and maintain business software applications on PC platforms. Additionally, you will develop an e-Commerce site. :: Concentration: Web Engineering :: Campus    ::  Location: Chicago, IL ::  more info     ::  Location: Villa Park, IL ::  more info

top

School Description

web design & engineering

Illinois Listing

The Web Graphics Designer Master Certificate Program provides students with a solid grounding in the tools and skills of computer-generated design, to be utilized in both print and web based projects.

In addition to emphasizing technical proficiency, essential concepts such design theory and design methodology are integrated.

top

Web Design & Engineering Sponsors

| Technical and Non-Technical Degrees | Chubb Institute | DeVry University | University of Phoenix | DeVry Keller University | College Searching

College Searching Sponsors

debt consolidation | University Online Degree | Home Remodeling | debt help | General Links |

about | contact | sitemap

College Searching and Online Degrees offer Associate, Bachelor, Masters and Ph.D. degrees in automotive, teaching, finance, internet technology, accounting, marketing, Web Design & Engineering, nursing, computer science, fashion and graphic design, and much more!